The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024
This study utilizes high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) reanalysis data (0.25° × 0.25°) to investigate the relationship between SST anomalies in the South China Sea and ENSO events. The main findings are as follows: First, there is a delayed correlation between ENSO and SST anomalies in th...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/1/153 |
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| author | Jun Song Lingxiang Yao Junru Guo Yanzhao Fu Yu Cai Meng Wang |
| author_facet | Jun Song Lingxiang Yao Junru Guo Yanzhao Fu Yu Cai Meng Wang |
| author_sort | Jun Song |
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| description | This study utilizes high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) reanalysis data (0.25° × 0.25°) to investigate the relationship between SST anomalies in the South China Sea and ENSO events. The main findings are as follows: First, there is a delayed correlation between ENSO and SST anomalies in the South China Sea, with the correlation being stronger during El Niño years than during La Niña years. Second, the correlation with the peak values of the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is strongest for El Niño events with a 9-month lead, while for La Niña events, it is strongest with a 2-month lead. Seasonally, during El Niño events, the strongest correlations are observed in summer with a 3-month lead and in winter with a 1-month lag. For La Niña events, the strongest correlations are seen in summer with an 8-month lag and in winter with a 9-month lag. Finally, an analysis of atmospheric anomalies and shear kinetic energy anomalies relative to SST anomalies reveals a significant seasonal SST response, particularly during the summer of El Niño years and the winter of La Niña years. Overall, these results enhance our understanding of ENSO’s influence on the South China Sea and provide valuable insights for climate prediction and ecosystem protection in the region. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e78bd9e355764b89ad40a86def2b6144 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-e78bd9e355764b89ad40a86def2b61442025-01-24T13:37:03ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-01-0113115310.3390/jmse13010153The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024Jun Song0Lingxiang Yao1Junru Guo2Yanzhao Fu3Yu Cai4Meng Wang5Operational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaOperational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaOperational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaOperational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaOperational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaOperational Oceanography Institution (OOI), Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, ChinaThis study utilizes high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) reanalysis data (0.25° × 0.25°) to investigate the relationship between SST anomalies in the South China Sea and ENSO events. The main findings are as follows: First, there is a delayed correlation between ENSO and SST anomalies in the South China Sea, with the correlation being stronger during El Niño years than during La Niña years. Second, the correlation with the peak values of the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is strongest for El Niño events with a 9-month lead, while for La Niña events, it is strongest with a 2-month lead. Seasonally, during El Niño events, the strongest correlations are observed in summer with a 3-month lead and in winter with a 1-month lag. For La Niña events, the strongest correlations are seen in summer with an 8-month lag and in winter with a 9-month lag. Finally, an analysis of atmospheric anomalies and shear kinetic energy anomalies relative to SST anomalies reveals a significant seasonal SST response, particularly during the summer of El Niño years and the winter of La Niña years. Overall, these results enhance our understanding of ENSO’s influence on the South China Sea and provide valuable insights for climate prediction and ecosystem protection in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/1/153ENSOSSTASouth China seacorrelationanalysisspatiotemporal |
| spellingShingle | Jun Song Lingxiang Yao Junru Guo Yanzhao Fu Yu Cai Meng Wang The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ENSO SSTA South China sea correlation analysis spatiotemporal |
| title | The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| title_full | The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| title_fullStr | The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| title_short | The Seasonal Correlation Between El Niño and Southern Oscillation Events and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the South China Sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| title_sort | seasonal correlation between el nino and southern oscillation events and sea surface temperature anomalies in the south china sea from 1958 to 2024 |
| topic | ENSO SSTA South China sea correlation analysis spatiotemporal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/1/153 |
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