Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control
To combat the decline in North American grasslands and prairies, innovative strategies to establish new native grass and forb plantings must be considered. Integrated vegetation management entails the use of many practices to cultivate desirable vegetation along roadsides, including mowing, applying...
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Weed Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X2500034X/type/journal_article |
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| author | Rachel C. Woody-Pumford Matthew B. Bertucci Mike D. Richardson Dirk Philipp Hannah E. Wright-Smith |
| author_facet | Rachel C. Woody-Pumford Matthew B. Bertucci Mike D. Richardson Dirk Philipp Hannah E. Wright-Smith |
| author_sort | Rachel C. Woody-Pumford |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To combat the decline in North American grasslands and prairies, innovative strategies to establish new native grass and forb plantings must be considered. Integrated vegetation management entails the use of many practices to cultivate desirable vegetation along roadsides, including mowing, applying herbicides, burning, and replanting. Currently, only a limited selection of postemergence herbicides are available to improve native plant establishment along roadsides. A greenhouse herbicide screen that included four postemergence herbicides registered for use on Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) acres and rights-of-way was conducted to test their safety for use on four native grasses (big bluestem, buffalograss, sideoats grama, and switchgrass) and seven forb species (ashy sunflower, black-eyed Susan, butterfly milkweed, desert false indigo, Illinois bundleflower, Mexican hat plant, and purple coneflower). Clopyralid (689 g ae ha−1), metsulfuron (4.18 g ai ha−1), and quinclorac (418 g ai ha−1) applied at labeled rates caused no injury to the native grass species or butterfly milkweed. However, florpyrauxifen-benzyl (38.4 g ai ha−1) caused significant injury to buffalograss and switchgrass. None of the herbicides tested were universally safe to use on all forb species evaluated in this trial, with each herbicide causing unacceptable injury (≥25%) to one or more forb species. None of the herbicides studied here would be completely safe for use on mixed stands of native grasses and native forbs at the seedling growth stage, indicating that prairie establishment must use alternative chemistries, plant mixes with fewer species, or avoid postemergence applications shortly after emergence of native forbs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e76e26ddf5024b1ba34de383b393a2e9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0890-037X 1550-2740 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Weed Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e76e26ddf5024b1ba34de383b393a2e92025-08-20T03:31:49ZengCambridge University PressWeed Technology0890-037X1550-27402025-01-013910.1017/wet.2025.34Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed controlRachel C. Woody-Pumford0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6107-1621Matthew B. Bertucci1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-8990Mike D. Richardson2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-5774Dirk Philipp3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3806-7465Hannah E. Wright-Smith4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1287-1765Program Associate, Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USAAssistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USAProfessor, Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USAAssociate Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USAWeed Specialist–Turfgrass, Vegetation Management, and Specialty Crops, Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, USATo combat the decline in North American grasslands and prairies, innovative strategies to establish new native grass and forb plantings must be considered. Integrated vegetation management entails the use of many practices to cultivate desirable vegetation along roadsides, including mowing, applying herbicides, burning, and replanting. Currently, only a limited selection of postemergence herbicides are available to improve native plant establishment along roadsides. A greenhouse herbicide screen that included four postemergence herbicides registered for use on Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) acres and rights-of-way was conducted to test their safety for use on four native grasses (big bluestem, buffalograss, sideoats grama, and switchgrass) and seven forb species (ashy sunflower, black-eyed Susan, butterfly milkweed, desert false indigo, Illinois bundleflower, Mexican hat plant, and purple coneflower). Clopyralid (689 g ae ha−1), metsulfuron (4.18 g ai ha−1), and quinclorac (418 g ai ha−1) applied at labeled rates caused no injury to the native grass species or butterfly milkweed. However, florpyrauxifen-benzyl (38.4 g ai ha−1) caused significant injury to buffalograss and switchgrass. None of the herbicides tested were universally safe to use on all forb species evaluated in this trial, with each herbicide causing unacceptable injury (≥25%) to one or more forb species. None of the herbicides studied here would be completely safe for use on mixed stands of native grasses and native forbs at the seedling growth stage, indicating that prairie establishment must use alternative chemistries, plant mixes with fewer species, or avoid postemergence applications shortly after emergence of native forbs.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X2500034X/type/journal_articleClopyralidflorpyrauxifen-benzylmetsulfuronquincloracashy sunflower, Helianthus mollis Lambig bluestem, Andropogon gerardii Vitmanblack-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta Lbuffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides [Nutt.] J.T. Columbusbutterfly milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa Ldesert false indigo, Amorpha fruticosa LIllinois bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & FernaldMexican hat plant, Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standlpurple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moenchsideoats grama, Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torrswitchgrass, Panicum virgatum LCrop injuryherbicide symptomologyprairie restorationvegetation management |
| spellingShingle | Rachel C. Woody-Pumford Matthew B. Bertucci Mike D. Richardson Dirk Philipp Hannah E. Wright-Smith Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control Weed Technology Clopyralid florpyrauxifen-benzyl metsulfuron quinclorac ashy sunflower, Helianthus mollis Lam big bluestem, Andropogon gerardii Vitman black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta L buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides [Nutt.] J.T. Columbus butterfly milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa L desert false indigo, Amorpha fruticosa L Illinois bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald Mexican hat plant, Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl purple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench sideoats grama, Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torr switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L Crop injury herbicide symptomology prairie restoration vegetation management |
| title | Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| title_full | Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| title_fullStr | Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| title_full_unstemmed | Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| title_short | Greenhouse evaluation of Great Plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| title_sort | greenhouse evaluation of great plains native grasses and forbs tolerance to postemergence herbicides used for roadside weed control |
| topic | Clopyralid florpyrauxifen-benzyl metsulfuron quinclorac ashy sunflower, Helianthus mollis Lam big bluestem, Andropogon gerardii Vitman black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia hirta L buffalograss, Buchloe dactyloides [Nutt.] J.T. Columbus butterfly milkweed, Asclepias tuberosa L desert false indigo, Amorpha fruticosa L Illinois bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald Mexican hat plant, Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl purple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench sideoats grama, Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torr switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L Crop injury herbicide symptomology prairie restoration vegetation management |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0890037X2500034X/type/journal_article |
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