Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications
This paper presents additively manufactured (3D printed) several standard gain horn antennas which have been designed to ensure simple and low–cost fabrication. In order to validate the proposed manufacturing approach, we have designed a number of antennas covering the entire frequency range from 26...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/9/7/222 |
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| author | Shaker Alkaraki Zia Ullah Khan Syeda Fizzah Jilani Andy Andre Sarker James R. Kelly Akram Alomainy |
| author_facet | Shaker Alkaraki Zia Ullah Khan Syeda Fizzah Jilani Andy Andre Sarker James R. Kelly Akram Alomainy |
| author_sort | Shaker Alkaraki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents additively manufactured (3D printed) several standard gain horn antennas which have been designed to ensure simple and low–cost fabrication. In order to validate the proposed manufacturing approach, we have designed a number of antennas covering the entire frequency range from 26 GHz to 110 GHz. The proposed antennas have been prototyped and measured. They were found to yield very good performance when compared to commercially available standard gain horn antennas. Unlike metallic standard gain horns antennas, whose manufacturing cost increases as the frequency goes high due to fabrication challenges, the cost of fabricating 3D–printed antennas goes actually down as the frequency increases (up to 110 GHz). The measured performances, in terms of return loss, radiation patterns and gain, of these fabricated 3D printed antennas agree remarkably well with the measured results for commercially available standard gain horns antennas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e74e1f3a406747438414b8d6dc3ecef7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2504-4494 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing |
| spelling | doaj-art-e74e1f3a406747438414b8d6dc3ecef72025-08-20T02:45:46ZengMDPI AGJournal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing2504-44942025-07-019722210.3390/jmmp9070222Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave ApplicationsShaker Alkaraki0Zia Ullah Khan1Syeda Fizzah Jilani2Andy Andre Sarker3James R. Kelly4Akram Alomainy5George Green Institute for Electromagnetics Research, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKNational Physics Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UKDepartment of Physics, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3FL, UKSchool of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UKSchool of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UKSchool of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UKThis paper presents additively manufactured (3D printed) several standard gain horn antennas which have been designed to ensure simple and low–cost fabrication. In order to validate the proposed manufacturing approach, we have designed a number of antennas covering the entire frequency range from 26 GHz to 110 GHz. The proposed antennas have been prototyped and measured. They were found to yield very good performance when compared to commercially available standard gain horn antennas. Unlike metallic standard gain horns antennas, whose manufacturing cost increases as the frequency goes high due to fabrication challenges, the cost of fabricating 3D–printed antennas goes actually down as the frequency increases (up to 110 GHz). The measured performances, in terms of return loss, radiation patterns and gain, of these fabricated 3D printed antennas agree remarkably well with the measured results for commercially available standard gain horns antennas.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/9/7/222conductive metallic paintlow–cost antennasmillimetere–wave3D–printing |
| spellingShingle | Shaker Alkaraki Zia Ullah Khan Syeda Fizzah Jilani Andy Andre Sarker James R. Kelly Akram Alomainy Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing conductive metallic paint low–cost antennas millimetere–wave 3D–printing |
| title | Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications |
| title_full | Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications |
| title_fullStr | Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications |
| title_short | Low–Cost 3D–Printed Standard Gain Horn Antennas for Millimetre–Wave Applications |
| title_sort | low cost 3d printed standard gain horn antennas for millimetre wave applications |
| topic | conductive metallic paint low–cost antennas millimetere–wave 3D–printing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/9/7/222 |
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