Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses
Since the emergence of Junín virus in 1953, pathogenic New World arenaviruses have remained a public health concern. These viruses, which also include Machupo virus, Guanarito virus, Sabiá virus, and Chapare virus, cause acute viral hemorrhagic fever and neurological complications, resulting in sign...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/6/1358 |
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| author | Alexander V. Alvarado Robert W. Cross Thomas W. Geisbert Courtney Woolsey |
| author_facet | Alexander V. Alvarado Robert W. Cross Thomas W. Geisbert Courtney Woolsey |
| author_sort | Alexander V. Alvarado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the emergence of Junín virus in 1953, pathogenic New World arenaviruses have remained a public health concern. These viruses, which also include Machupo virus, Guanarito virus, Sabiá virus, and Chapare virus, cause acute viral hemorrhagic fever and neurological complications, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Given the dearth of licensed therapeutics or vaccines against these pathogens, animal models of infection that recapitulate human manifestations of disease remain critically important to the development of efficacious medical countermeasures. Rodents and non-human primates have been successfully used to model human New World arenaviral infections, with guinea pigs, rhesus macaques, and cynomolgus macaques being the most successful models of infection for most major pathogenic New World arenaviruses. Here, we provide a highly comprehensive review of publicly reported animal models of pathogenic New World arenavirus infections, with a discussion of advantages and disadvantages for each model. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e748683d069d4277bef86f8e703943aa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-e748683d069d4277bef86f8e703943aa2025-08-20T03:27:40ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-06-01136135810.3390/microorganisms13061358Animal Models of Pathogenic New World ArenavirusesAlexander V. Alvarado0Robert W. Cross1Thomas W. Geisbert2Courtney Woolsey3Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610, USAGalveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610, USAGalveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610, USAGalveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610, USASince the emergence of Junín virus in 1953, pathogenic New World arenaviruses have remained a public health concern. These viruses, which also include Machupo virus, Guanarito virus, Sabiá virus, and Chapare virus, cause acute viral hemorrhagic fever and neurological complications, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Given the dearth of licensed therapeutics or vaccines against these pathogens, animal models of infection that recapitulate human manifestations of disease remain critically important to the development of efficacious medical countermeasures. Rodents and non-human primates have been successfully used to model human New World arenaviral infections, with guinea pigs, rhesus macaques, and cynomolgus macaques being the most successful models of infection for most major pathogenic New World arenaviruses. Here, we provide a highly comprehensive review of publicly reported animal models of pathogenic New World arenavirus infections, with a discussion of advantages and disadvantages for each model.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/6/1358arenavirusesNew World arenavirusesJunín virusGuanarito virusMachupo virusChapare virus |
| spellingShingle | Alexander V. Alvarado Robert W. Cross Thomas W. Geisbert Courtney Woolsey Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses Microorganisms arenaviruses New World arenaviruses Junín virus Guanarito virus Machupo virus Chapare virus |
| title | Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses |
| title_full | Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses |
| title_fullStr | Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses |
| title_short | Animal Models of Pathogenic New World Arenaviruses |
| title_sort | animal models of pathogenic new world arenaviruses |
| topic | arenaviruses New World arenaviruses Junín virus Guanarito virus Machupo virus Chapare virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/6/1358 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alexandervalvarado animalmodelsofpathogenicnewworldarenaviruses AT robertwcross animalmodelsofpathogenicnewworldarenaviruses AT thomaswgeisbert animalmodelsofpathogenicnewworldarenaviruses AT courtneywoolsey animalmodelsofpathogenicnewworldarenaviruses |