Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study
Abstract Background The study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics, the variations in their immune status, and mortality risk among HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors (LTNP). Methods Eligible LTNP and typical progressors (TP) were recruited in Guangxi by December 2018. Particip...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10448-x |
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| author | Jinming Su Jie Liu Fengxiang Qin Rongfeng Chen Tongxue Qin Xing Tao Xiu Chen Wen Hong Bingyu Liang Ping Cui Li Ye Junjun Jiang Hao Liang |
| author_facet | Jinming Su Jie Liu Fengxiang Qin Rongfeng Chen Tongxue Qin Xing Tao Xiu Chen Wen Hong Bingyu Liang Ping Cui Li Ye Junjun Jiang Hao Liang |
| author_sort | Jinming Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics, the variations in their immune status, and mortality risk among HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors (LTNP). Methods Eligible LTNP and typical progressors (TP) were recruited in Guangxi by December 2018. Participants were followed up until December 2022, monitoring ART status, CD4+ T cell counts, and survival/death outcomes. Multivariate logistic, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier method were employed to scrutinize associated factors and mortality risk of LTNP. Results A total of 212 LTNP and 390 TP were included. LTNP cohort predominantly comprised males (84.43%), those diagnosed with HIV at age ≤ 40 years (93.87%), and those infected through injection drug use (59.91%). The mortality rate of LTNP were lower than TP (12.74% vs. 27.18%). TP had a higher mortality risk compared to LTNP (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 4.051, 95% CI: 2.284–7.186, P < 0.001). The mortality risk was also elevated in the ART-naïve group versus the ART-experienced ones (aHR = 3.943, 95%CI: 2.658–5.850, P < 0.001). Notably, the CD4/CD8 ratio in the LTNP group did not fully recover (< 1.0) despite ART. However, LTNP with ART-experienced had a significantly lower mortality risk compared to ART-naïve LTNP group (Log-rank: P = 0.003). Conclusions ART effectively restores and maintains normal CD4+ T cell levels among LTNP, thereby decreasing mortality risk. Nonetheless, the CD4/CD8 ratio in LTNP exhibits incompletely recovered post-ART. These findings provide a scientific foundation for promoting ART in LTNP population. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7259bb95ed448f9bdc6b7ef01e5dee62025-01-19T12:11:54ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-01-012511910.1186/s12879-025-10448-xEffect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort studyJinming Su0Jie Liu1Fengxiang Qin2Rongfeng Chen3Tongxue Qin4Xing Tao5Xiu Chen6Wen Hong7Bingyu Liang8Ping Cui9Li Ye10Junjun Jiang11Hao Liang12Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical UniversityAbstract Background The study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics, the variations in their immune status, and mortality risk among HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors (LTNP). Methods Eligible LTNP and typical progressors (TP) were recruited in Guangxi by December 2018. Participants were followed up until December 2022, monitoring ART status, CD4+ T cell counts, and survival/death outcomes. Multivariate logistic, Cox regression, and Kaplan-Meier method were employed to scrutinize associated factors and mortality risk of LTNP. Results A total of 212 LTNP and 390 TP were included. LTNP cohort predominantly comprised males (84.43%), those diagnosed with HIV at age ≤ 40 years (93.87%), and those infected through injection drug use (59.91%). The mortality rate of LTNP were lower than TP (12.74% vs. 27.18%). TP had a higher mortality risk compared to LTNP (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 4.051, 95% CI: 2.284–7.186, P < 0.001). The mortality risk was also elevated in the ART-naïve group versus the ART-experienced ones (aHR = 3.943, 95%CI: 2.658–5.850, P < 0.001). Notably, the CD4/CD8 ratio in the LTNP group did not fully recover (< 1.0) despite ART. However, LTNP with ART-experienced had a significantly lower mortality risk compared to ART-naïve LTNP group (Log-rank: P = 0.003). Conclusions ART effectively restores and maintains normal CD4+ T cell levels among LTNP, thereby decreasing mortality risk. Nonetheless, the CD4/CD8 ratio in LTNP exhibits incompletely recovered post-ART. These findings provide a scientific foundation for promoting ART in LTNP population.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10448-xHIV-1 infected long-term non-progressors (LTNP)Antiretroviral therapy (ART)Mortality risk analysisImmune profileCD4/CD8 |
| spellingShingle | Jinming Su Jie Liu Fengxiang Qin Rongfeng Chen Tongxue Qin Xing Tao Xiu Chen Wen Hong Bingyu Liang Ping Cui Li Ye Junjun Jiang Hao Liang Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study BMC Infectious Diseases HIV-1 infected long-term non-progressors (LTNP) Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Mortality risk analysis Immune profile CD4/CD8 |
| title | Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study |
| title_full | Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study |
| title_short | Effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of HIV-1 infection long-term non-progressors: a cohort study |
| title_sort | effect of antiretroviral therapy on the mortality of hiv 1 infection long term non progressors a cohort study |
| topic | HIV-1 infected long-term non-progressors (LTNP) Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Mortality risk analysis Immune profile CD4/CD8 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10448-x |
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