Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument
Abstract Ground‐level ozone (O3) is an air pollutant formed by the photochemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A key challenge in mitigating O3 pollution is to determine whether the O3 production is NOx‐limited or NOx‐saturated. Using the hourly ob...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116394 |
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| author | Xiaomeng Jin Yohan Yang Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad Caroline Nowlan Xiong Liu |
| author_facet | Xiaomeng Jin Yohan Yang Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad Caroline Nowlan Xiong Liu |
| author_sort | Xiaomeng Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ground‐level ozone (O3) is an air pollutant formed by the photochemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A key challenge in mitigating O3 pollution is to determine whether the O3 production is NOx‐limited or NOx‐saturated. Using the hourly observations of O3 precursors, formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO2, from the newly launched geostationary Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO), we present the first space‐based observations of diurnal variations of O3‐NOx‐VOC chemistry over the CONUS during 2024 warm season. We integrate a steady‐state model with global simulations to derive the regime thresholds of the HCHO to NO2 ratio (HCHO/NO2), and identify the O3 production regimes using the provisional TEMPO products, which have been validated with limited measurements. We find that O3 production is dominated by NOx‐saturated regime in the morning but NOx‐limited regime in the afternoon over major U.S. O3 nonattainment metropolitan areas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e72085fe01a04a7fb0ffa16c0a769615 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-e72085fe01a04a7fb0ffa16c0a7696152025-08-20T02:46:20ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-07-015214n/an/a10.1029/2025GL116394Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO InstrumentXiaomeng Jin0Yohan Yang1Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad2Caroline Nowlan3Xiong Liu4Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USADepartment of Environmental Sciences Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USAAtomic and Molecular Physics Division Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA USAAtomic and Molecular Physics Division Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA USAAtomic and Molecular Physics Division Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA USAAbstract Ground‐level ozone (O3) is an air pollutant formed by the photochemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A key challenge in mitigating O3 pollution is to determine whether the O3 production is NOx‐limited or NOx‐saturated. Using the hourly observations of O3 precursors, formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO2, from the newly launched geostationary Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO), we present the first space‐based observations of diurnal variations of O3‐NOx‐VOC chemistry over the CONUS during 2024 warm season. We integrate a steady‐state model with global simulations to derive the regime thresholds of the HCHO to NO2 ratio (HCHO/NO2), and identify the O3 production regimes using the provisional TEMPO products, which have been validated with limited measurements. We find that O3 production is dominated by NOx‐saturated regime in the morning but NOx‐limited regime in the afternoon over major U.S. O3 nonattainment metropolitan areas.https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116394TEMPOgeostationary satelliteozone‐NOx‐VOC chemistrydiurnal variationsnitrogen dioxideformaldehyde |
| spellingShingle | Xiaomeng Jin Yohan Yang Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad Caroline Nowlan Xiong Liu Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument Geophysical Research Letters TEMPO geostationary satellite ozone‐NOx‐VOC chemistry diurnal variations nitrogen dioxide formaldehyde |
| title | Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument |
| title_full | Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument |
| title_fullStr | Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument |
| title_short | Observing the Diurnal Variations of Ozone‐NOx‐VOC Chemistry Over the U.S. From the Geostationary TEMPO Instrument |
| title_sort | observing the diurnal variations of ozone nox voc chemistry over the u s from the geostationary tempo instrument |
| topic | TEMPO geostationary satellite ozone‐NOx‐VOC chemistry diurnal variations nitrogen dioxide formaldehyde |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL116394 |
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