Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon

Abstract Enhancing intermolecular interactions can reduce the band gap energy of organic molecules. Consequently, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – typically wide-band-gap insulators – may undergo insulator-to-metal transitions under simple compression. This pressure-induced electronic tran...

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Main Authors: Takeshi Nakagawa, Caoshun Zhang, Kejun Bu, Philip Dalladay-Simpson, Martina Vrankić, Sarah Bolton, Dominique Laniel, Dong Wang, Akun Liang, Hirofumi Ishii, Nozomu Hiraoka, Gaston Garbarino, Angelika D. Rosa, Qingyang Hu, Xujie Lü, Ho-kwang Mao, Yang Ding
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Communications Materials
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00814-2
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author Takeshi Nakagawa
Caoshun Zhang
Kejun Bu
Philip Dalladay-Simpson
Martina Vrankić
Sarah Bolton
Dominique Laniel
Dong Wang
Akun Liang
Hirofumi Ishii
Nozomu Hiraoka
Gaston Garbarino
Angelika D. Rosa
Qingyang Hu
Xujie Lü
Ho-kwang Mao
Yang Ding
author_facet Takeshi Nakagawa
Caoshun Zhang
Kejun Bu
Philip Dalladay-Simpson
Martina Vrankić
Sarah Bolton
Dominique Laniel
Dong Wang
Akun Liang
Hirofumi Ishii
Nozomu Hiraoka
Gaston Garbarino
Angelika D. Rosa
Qingyang Hu
Xujie Lü
Ho-kwang Mao
Yang Ding
author_sort Takeshi Nakagawa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Enhancing intermolecular interactions can reduce the band gap energy of organic molecules. Consequently, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – typically wide-band-gap insulators – may undergo insulator-to-metal transitions under simple compression. This pressure-induced electronic transition could enable the transformation of non-metallic organic materials into states exhibiting intriguing electronic properties, including high-temperature superconductivity. Here we investigate a pressure-induced transition in dicoronylene (C48H20), an insulator at ambient conditions, to a semiconducting state with a resistivity drop of three-orders-of-magnitude at 23.0 GPa. Through the complementary integration of transport property measurements with in situ UV-Visible absorption, Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments, as well as first-principles studies, we propose a possible mechanism for the pressure-driven electronic structure evolution of C48H20. The discovery of an intriguing electronic transition at pressures well below the megabar observed marks a promising step towards realizing a single-component purely hydrocarbon molecular metal.
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spelling doaj-art-e6a2e0c046cf4796946630aa1f4187e12025-08-20T01:51:28ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Materials2662-44432025-05-016111110.1038/s43246-025-00814-2Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbonTakeshi Nakagawa0Caoshun Zhang1Kejun Bu2Philip Dalladay-Simpson3Martina Vrankić4Sarah Bolton5Dominique Laniel6Dong Wang7Akun Liang8Hirofumi Ishii9Nozomu Hiraoka10Gaston Garbarino11Angelika D. Rosa12Qingyang Hu13Xujie Lü14Ho-kwang Mao15Yang Ding16Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchDivision of Materials Physics, Ruđer Bošković InstituteCentre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of EdinburghCentre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of EdinburghCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCentre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of EdinburghNational Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC)National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC)European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchCenter for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchAbstract Enhancing intermolecular interactions can reduce the band gap energy of organic molecules. Consequently, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – typically wide-band-gap insulators – may undergo insulator-to-metal transitions under simple compression. This pressure-induced electronic transition could enable the transformation of non-metallic organic materials into states exhibiting intriguing electronic properties, including high-temperature superconductivity. Here we investigate a pressure-induced transition in dicoronylene (C48H20), an insulator at ambient conditions, to a semiconducting state with a resistivity drop of three-orders-of-magnitude at 23.0 GPa. Through the complementary integration of transport property measurements with in situ UV-Visible absorption, Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments, as well as first-principles studies, we propose a possible mechanism for the pressure-driven electronic structure evolution of C48H20. The discovery of an intriguing electronic transition at pressures well below the megabar observed marks a promising step towards realizing a single-component purely hydrocarbon molecular metal.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00814-2
spellingShingle Takeshi Nakagawa
Caoshun Zhang
Kejun Bu
Philip Dalladay-Simpson
Martina Vrankić
Sarah Bolton
Dominique Laniel
Dong Wang
Akun Liang
Hirofumi Ishii
Nozomu Hiraoka
Gaston Garbarino
Angelika D. Rosa
Qingyang Hu
Xujie Lü
Ho-kwang Mao
Yang Ding
Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
Communications Materials
title Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
title_full Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
title_fullStr Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
title_full_unstemmed Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
title_short Narrowing band gap chemically and physically: conductive dense hydrocarbon
title_sort narrowing band gap chemically and physically conductive dense hydrocarbon
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-025-00814-2
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