Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering
Abstract The SQUAMOUS PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene family encodes plant-specific transcription factors that regulate diverse physiological processes, including growth, flowering, and stress responses. A total of 32 PaSPL genes were identified and characterized in the genome of Platanus ×...
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Springer
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Horticulture Advances |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44281-025-00066-7 |
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| author | Xiyan Chen Gehui Shi Xu Yan Jinghong Wu Ting Peng Manzhu Bao Jiaqi Zhang |
| author_facet | Xiyan Chen Gehui Shi Xu Yan Jinghong Wu Ting Peng Manzhu Bao Jiaqi Zhang |
| author_sort | Xiyan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The SQUAMOUS PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene family encodes plant-specific transcription factors that regulate diverse physiological processes, including growth, flowering, and stress responses. A total of 32 PaSPL genes were identified and characterized in the genome of Platanus × acerifolia, an ancient hexaploid species widely cultivated as a street tree. The PaSPL genes were classified into nine distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationship. Gene structure examination revealed considerable variation in intron number and length among groups. Cis-regulatory element analysis indicated that the promoter regions of PaSPLs are enriched with light-responsive elements. Expression profiling across different tissues and developmental stages demonstrated that the PaSPL genes harboring a site targeted by microRNA156 exhibited stage-specific expression patterns, while those in the Groups II, III, V, and IX displayed tissue-specific expression. Notably, several PaSPL genes exhibited dynamic expression during floral transition, implicating their role in flowering regulation. Among them, PaSPL8a, a Group III member, was differentially expressed in flowerless germplasm resources. Functional characterization demonstrated that PaSPL8a overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated flowering and upregulated key flowering regulators. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of PaSPLs in P. × acerifolia and establish PaSPL8a as a positive regulator of flowering. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e67961dbbda44694862ae380823f4ddc |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2948-1104 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Horticulture Advances |
| spelling | doaj-art-e67961dbbda44694862ae380823f4ddc2025-08-20T02:28:08ZengSpringerHorticulture Advances2948-11042025-04-013111510.1007/s44281-025-00066-7Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in floweringXiyan Chen0Gehui Shi1Xu Yan2Jinghong Wu3Ting Peng4Manzhu Bao5Jiaqi Zhang6National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsHuanggang Polytechnic CollegeNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsCollege of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsAbstract The SQUAMOUS PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene family encodes plant-specific transcription factors that regulate diverse physiological processes, including growth, flowering, and stress responses. A total of 32 PaSPL genes were identified and characterized in the genome of Platanus × acerifolia, an ancient hexaploid species widely cultivated as a street tree. The PaSPL genes were classified into nine distinct groups based on their phylogenetic relationship. Gene structure examination revealed considerable variation in intron number and length among groups. Cis-regulatory element analysis indicated that the promoter regions of PaSPLs are enriched with light-responsive elements. Expression profiling across different tissues and developmental stages demonstrated that the PaSPL genes harboring a site targeted by microRNA156 exhibited stage-specific expression patterns, while those in the Groups II, III, V, and IX displayed tissue-specific expression. Notably, several PaSPL genes exhibited dynamic expression during floral transition, implicating their role in flowering regulation. Among them, PaSPL8a, a Group III member, was differentially expressed in flowerless germplasm resources. Functional characterization demonstrated that PaSPL8a overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated flowering and upregulated key flowering regulators. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of PaSPLs in P. × acerifolia and establish PaSPL8a as a positive regulator of flowering.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44281-025-00066-7SPL gene familyPlatanus × acerifoliafloweringoverexpression |
| spellingShingle | Xiyan Chen Gehui Shi Xu Yan Jinghong Wu Ting Peng Manzhu Bao Jiaqi Zhang Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering Horticulture Advances SPL gene family Platanus × acerifolia flowering overexpression |
| title | Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering |
| title_full | Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering |
| title_fullStr | Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering |
| title_short | Genome-wide analysis of the SPL gene family in Platanus × acerifolia and functional characterization of PaSPL8a in flowering |
| title_sort | genome wide analysis of the spl gene family in platanus acerifolia and functional characterization of paspl8a in flowering |
| topic | SPL gene family Platanus × acerifolia flowering overexpression |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44281-025-00066-7 |
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