Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient

This study presents a novel algorithm for protocol reverse analysis of EtherCAT. The algorithm combines sequence alignment and the Pearson correlation coefficient. We utilize value distribution statistics and the bit flip rate algorithm to effectively partition the protocol fields. We propose a sema...

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Main Authors: Xiaopeng Wang, Yu Yao, Zhongwei Li, Changhe Su, Yunsong Tian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7922
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author Xiaopeng Wang
Yu Yao
Zhongwei Li
Changhe Su
Yunsong Tian
author_facet Xiaopeng Wang
Yu Yao
Zhongwei Li
Changhe Su
Yunsong Tian
author_sort Xiaopeng Wang
collection DOAJ
description This study presents a novel algorithm for protocol reverse analysis of EtherCAT. The algorithm combines sequence alignment and the Pearson correlation coefficient. We utilize value distribution statistics and the bit flip rate algorithm to effectively partition the protocol fields. We propose a semantics analysis method based on sequence alignment when HMI data and EtherCAT messages have a direct correlation. Conversely, for circumstances where there exists a decoding relationship between HMI data and EtherCAT messages, a semantic analysis method is proposed that employs the Pearson correlation coefficient. We completed a reverse analysis of the EtherCAT messages from an industrial robot system. By comparing the experiment results with the protocol description document, we validated the effectiveness of the method.
format Article
id doaj-art-e6703c8e2ee847fc870040d9e7f66611
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issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
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spelling doaj-art-e6703c8e2ee847fc870040d9e7f666112025-08-20T02:43:43ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012424792210.3390/s24247922Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation CoefficientXiaopeng Wang0Yu Yao1Zhongwei Li2Changhe Su3Yunsong Tian4School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaThis study presents a novel algorithm for protocol reverse analysis of EtherCAT. The algorithm combines sequence alignment and the Pearson correlation coefficient. We utilize value distribution statistics and the bit flip rate algorithm to effectively partition the protocol fields. We propose a semantics analysis method based on sequence alignment when HMI data and EtherCAT messages have a direct correlation. Conversely, for circumstances where there exists a decoding relationship between HMI data and EtherCAT messages, a semantic analysis method is proposed that employs the Pearson correlation coefficient. We completed a reverse analysis of the EtherCAT messages from an industrial robot system. By comparing the experiment results with the protocol description document, we validated the effectiveness of the method.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7922protocol reverse engineeringsequence alignmentPearson correlation coefficientindustrial protocol
spellingShingle Xiaopeng Wang
Yu Yao
Zhongwei Li
Changhe Su
Yunsong Tian
Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Sensors
protocol reverse engineering
sequence alignment
Pearson correlation coefficient
industrial protocol
title Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
title_full Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
title_fullStr Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
title_full_unstemmed Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
title_short Protocol Reverse Analysis of Ethernet for Control Automation Technology Based on Sequence Alignment and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
title_sort protocol reverse analysis of ethernet for control automation technology based on sequence alignment and pearson correlation coefficient
topic protocol reverse engineering
sequence alignment
Pearson correlation coefficient
industrial protocol
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7922
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AT changhesu protocolreverseanalysisofethernetforcontrolautomationtechnologybasedonsequencealignmentandpearsoncorrelationcoefficient
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