In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites

Abstract Microalgae are known to produce a spectrum of highly valuable metabolites with substantial nutritional content and pharmacogenetic properties. To explore the antioxidant, antibacterial, as well as anticancer activity of five such microalgal strains isolated from the Indian subcontinent, sol...

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Main Authors: Raya Bhattacharjya, Rashi Tyagi, Sangita Dey, Ankita Dutta, Anoop Kumar, Mostafa M. El-Sheekh, Subha Rastogi, Nutan Kaushik, Archana Tiwari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87472-z
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author Raya Bhattacharjya
Rashi Tyagi
Sangita Dey
Ankita Dutta
Anoop Kumar
Mostafa M. El-Sheekh
Subha Rastogi
Nutan Kaushik
Archana Tiwari
author_facet Raya Bhattacharjya
Rashi Tyagi
Sangita Dey
Ankita Dutta
Anoop Kumar
Mostafa M. El-Sheekh
Subha Rastogi
Nutan Kaushik
Archana Tiwari
author_sort Raya Bhattacharjya
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Microalgae are known to produce a spectrum of highly valuable metabolites with substantial nutritional content and pharmacogenetic properties. To explore the antioxidant, antibacterial, as well as anticancer activity of five such microalgal strains isolated from the Indian subcontinent, solvent-based extracts were prepared using methanol:chloroform (S1, v/v) and ethyl acetate (S2). The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays revealed maximum inhibition (65.42% and 69.73%) by S1 extract of Cylindrotheca sp. (D3) and 72.08% and 77.43% by S2 extracts of Chaetoceros sp. (D1), respectively. Both S1 and S2 extract of Cylindrotheca sp. showed maximum zone of inhibition (24 ± 0.4 mm) against Aeromonas sp. and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Further, in-vitro anticancer assessment was also done against renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN), lung carcinoma (A549), and ovarian carcinoma (SK-OV3) cell lines. Highest cytotoxicity was observed when SK-OV3 (63.3%) and A549 (53.6% ) cells were treated with 250 µg mL−1 of S1D1 extract. Major bioactive constituents identified by GC-MS estimation included palmitic, heptadecaenoic, octadecanoic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic acid, 2,4-Di tertbutyl phenol, and Desulphosinigrin amongst others. Thus, this study provides an insightful and holistic overview on microalgal bioactivities and their potential as natural therapeutic resources targeting different human pathogenic disorders and diseases.
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spelling doaj-art-e66107d2073f4591bfccd10aa051d55b2025-08-20T02:19:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-87472-zIn-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolitesRaya Bhattacharjya0Rashi Tyagi1Sangita Dey2Ankita Dutta3Anoop Kumar4Mostafa M. El-Sheekh5Subha Rastogi6Nutan Kaushik7Archana Tiwari8Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityDiatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, University of North BengalDepartment of Biotechnology, University of North BengalDepartment of Biotechnology, University of North BengalBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityCSIR-National Botanical Research InstituteAmity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar PradeshDiatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity UniversityAbstract Microalgae are known to produce a spectrum of highly valuable metabolites with substantial nutritional content and pharmacogenetic properties. To explore the antioxidant, antibacterial, as well as anticancer activity of five such microalgal strains isolated from the Indian subcontinent, solvent-based extracts were prepared using methanol:chloroform (S1, v/v) and ethyl acetate (S2). The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays revealed maximum inhibition (65.42% and 69.73%) by S1 extract of Cylindrotheca sp. (D3) and 72.08% and 77.43% by S2 extracts of Chaetoceros sp. (D1), respectively. Both S1 and S2 extract of Cylindrotheca sp. showed maximum zone of inhibition (24 ± 0.4 mm) against Aeromonas sp. and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Further, in-vitro anticancer assessment was also done against renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN), lung carcinoma (A549), and ovarian carcinoma (SK-OV3) cell lines. Highest cytotoxicity was observed when SK-OV3 (63.3%) and A549 (53.6% ) cells were treated with 250 µg mL−1 of S1D1 extract. Major bioactive constituents identified by GC-MS estimation included palmitic, heptadecaenoic, octadecanoic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic acid, 2,4-Di tertbutyl phenol, and Desulphosinigrin amongst others. Thus, this study provides an insightful and holistic overview on microalgal bioactivities and their potential as natural therapeutic resources targeting different human pathogenic disorders and diseases.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87472-zAntibacterialAntioxidantBioactive lipidsCytotoxicityDiatomsMetabolite profile
spellingShingle Raya Bhattacharjya
Rashi Tyagi
Sangita Dey
Ankita Dutta
Anoop Kumar
Mostafa M. El-Sheekh
Subha Rastogi
Nutan Kaushik
Archana Tiwari
In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
Scientific Reports
Antibacterial
Antioxidant
Bioactive lipids
Cytotoxicity
Diatoms
Metabolite profile
title In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
title_full In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
title_fullStr In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
title_full_unstemmed In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
title_short In-vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of diatom-derived metabolites
title_sort in vitro assessment and characterization of anticancer antibacterial and antioxidant activity of diatom derived metabolites
topic Antibacterial
Antioxidant
Bioactive lipids
Cytotoxicity
Diatoms
Metabolite profile
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87472-z
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