IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed for the first time highly polarized X-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 1841−045, targeted after a burst-active phase in 2024 August. To date, IXPE has observed four other magnetars during quiescent periods, highlighting substantially different...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michela Rigoselli, Roberto Taverna, Sandro Mereghetti, Roberto Turolla, Gian Luca Israel, Silvia Zane, Lorenzo Marra, Fabio Muleri, Alice Borghese, Francesco Coti Zelati, Davide De Grandis, Matteo Imbrogno, Ruth M. E. Kelly, Paolo Esposito, Nanda Rea
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adbffb
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849688556141805568
author Michela Rigoselli
Roberto Taverna
Sandro Mereghetti
Roberto Turolla
Gian Luca Israel
Silvia Zane
Lorenzo Marra
Fabio Muleri
Alice Borghese
Francesco Coti Zelati
Davide De Grandis
Matteo Imbrogno
Ruth M. E. Kelly
Paolo Esposito
Nanda Rea
author_facet Michela Rigoselli
Roberto Taverna
Sandro Mereghetti
Roberto Turolla
Gian Luca Israel
Silvia Zane
Lorenzo Marra
Fabio Muleri
Alice Borghese
Francesco Coti Zelati
Davide De Grandis
Matteo Imbrogno
Ruth M. E. Kelly
Paolo Esposito
Nanda Rea
author_sort Michela Rigoselli
collection DOAJ
description The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed for the first time highly polarized X-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 1841−045, targeted after a burst-active phase in 2024 August. To date, IXPE has observed four other magnetars during quiescent periods, highlighting substantially different polarization properties. 1E 1841−045 exhibits a high, energy-dependent polarization degree, which increases monotonically from ≈15% at 2–3 keV up to ≈55% at 5.5–8 keV, while the polarization angle, aligned with the celestial north, remains fairly constant. The broadband spectrum (2–79 keV) obtained by combining simultaneous IXPE and NuSTAR data is well modeled by a blackbody and two power-law components. The unabsorbed 2–8 keV flux (≈2 × 10 ^−11 erg cm ^−2 s ^−1 ) is about 10% higher than that obtained from archival XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations. The polarization of the soft, thermal component does not exceed ≈25%, and may be produced by a condensed surface or a bombarded atmosphere. The intermediate power law is polarized at around 30%, consistent with predictions for resonant Compton scattering in the star magnetosphere; meanwhile, the hard power law exhibits a polarization degree exceeding 65%, pointing to a synchrotron/curvature origin.
format Article
id doaj-art-e65bc747dffe4f90982901c97615a9ba
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-8205
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series The Astrophysical Journal Letters
spelling doaj-art-e65bc747dffe4f90982901c97615a9ba2025-08-20T03:21:56ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019852L3410.3847/2041-8213/adbffbIXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045Michela Rigoselli0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6641-5450Roberto Taverna1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-618XSandro Mereghetti2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-7801Roberto Turolla3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3977-8760Gian Luca Israel4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-6438Silvia Zane5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5326-880XLorenzo Marra6https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4644-194XFabio Muleri7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3331-3794Alice Borghese8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8785-5922Francesco Coti Zelati9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-1581Davide De Grandis10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5438-0908Matteo Imbrogno11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8688-9784Ruth M. E. Kelly12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-3573Paolo Esposito13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4849-5092Nanda Rea14https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2177-6388INAF , Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Brera 28, I-20121 Milano, Italy ; michela.rigoselli@inaf.it; INAF , Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano, via Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, ItalyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, ItalyINAF , Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano, via Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, ItalyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKINAF , Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, ItalyINAF , Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, ItalyEuropean Space Agency (ESA) , European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainINAF , Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133, Rome, ItalyMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKScuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia , Palazzo del Broletto, piazza della Vittoria 15, I-27100 Pavia, ItalyInstitute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), SpainThe Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed for the first time highly polarized X-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 1841−045, targeted after a burst-active phase in 2024 August. To date, IXPE has observed four other magnetars during quiescent periods, highlighting substantially different polarization properties. 1E 1841−045 exhibits a high, energy-dependent polarization degree, which increases monotonically from ≈15% at 2–3 keV up to ≈55% at 5.5–8 keV, while the polarization angle, aligned with the celestial north, remains fairly constant. The broadband spectrum (2–79 keV) obtained by combining simultaneous IXPE and NuSTAR data is well modeled by a blackbody and two power-law components. The unabsorbed 2–8 keV flux (≈2 × 10 ^−11 erg cm ^−2 s ^−1 ) is about 10% higher than that obtained from archival XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations. The polarization of the soft, thermal component does not exceed ≈25%, and may be produced by a condensed surface or a bombarded atmosphere. The intermediate power law is polarized at around 30%, consistent with predictions for resonant Compton scattering in the star magnetosphere; meanwhile, the hard power law exhibits a polarization degree exceeding 65%, pointing to a synchrotron/curvature origin.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adbffbMagnetarsPolarimetryX-ray sources
spellingShingle Michela Rigoselli
Roberto Taverna
Sandro Mereghetti
Roberto Turolla
Gian Luca Israel
Silvia Zane
Lorenzo Marra
Fabio Muleri
Alice Borghese
Francesco Coti Zelati
Davide De Grandis
Matteo Imbrogno
Ruth M. E. Kelly
Paolo Esposito
Nanda Rea
IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Magnetars
Polarimetry
X-ray sources
title IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
title_full IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
title_fullStr IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
title_full_unstemmed IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
title_short IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045
title_sort ixpe detection of highly polarized x rays from the magnetar 1e 1841 045
topic Magnetars
Polarimetry
X-ray sources
url https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adbffb
work_keys_str_mv AT michelarigoselli ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT robertotaverna ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT sandromereghetti ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT robertoturolla ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT gianlucaisrael ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT silviazane ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT lorenzomarra ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT fabiomuleri ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT aliceborghese ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT francescocotizelati ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT davidedegrandis ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT matteoimbrogno ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT ruthmekelly ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT paoloesposito ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045
AT nandarea ixpedetectionofhighlypolarizedxraysfromthemagnetar1e1841045