Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy

Abstract Background Mulibrey-Nanism (Muscle-liver-brain-eye Nanism = dwarfism; MUL) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by TRIM37 gene variants characterized by growth failure, dysmorphic features and congestive heart failure. We report a 6-year-old boy with Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome who was...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pritti Kumari, Rohina Aggarwal, Akshi Valodara, Hetvi Patel, Dipak Dhoriya, Ankita Suthar, Somesh Aggarwal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-04-01
Series:Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00694-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850153610607853568
author Pritti Kumari
Rohina Aggarwal
Akshi Valodara
Hetvi Patel
Dipak Dhoriya
Ankita Suthar
Somesh Aggarwal
author_facet Pritti Kumari
Rohina Aggarwal
Akshi Valodara
Hetvi Patel
Dipak Dhoriya
Ankita Suthar
Somesh Aggarwal
author_sort Pritti Kumari
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Mulibrey-Nanism (Muscle-liver-brain-eye Nanism = dwarfism; MUL) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by TRIM37 gene variants characterized by growth failure, dysmorphic features and congestive heart failure. We report a 6-year-old boy with Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome who was referred to us on suspicion of some genetic syndrome. Case description A 6-year-old boy was referred for genetic evaluation with a suspected diagnosis of Silver-Russell syndrome. Comprehensive genetic analysis of the proband was conducted using both classical and modern techniques, including karyotyping, chromosomal microarray (CMA), and whole exome sequencing (WES). G-banding chromosomal analysis revealed a mosaic pattern of 47,XYY[25]/46,XY[25], indicative of Jacobs syndrome. Further analysis with CMA identified a pathogenic mosaic gain of Y chromosome consistent with the karyotype results; no other pathogenic copy number variants were observed. Finally, WES revealed a nonsense homozygous variant c.586C > T in the TRIM37 gene which is causative of Mulibrey nanism. Conclusion This case marks the first documented instance in India of the co-occurrence of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome, adding significant insights into the genetic diversity and clinical presentation of these conditions. The study highlights the importance of various genetic tests to diagnose rare genetic syndromes with overlapping phenotype.
format Article
id doaj-art-e65a1aa038ee480c9a32cb5d9f46c3a5
institution OA Journals
issn 2090-2441
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
spelling doaj-art-e65a1aa038ee480c9a32cb5d9f46c3a52025-08-20T02:25:40ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics2090-24412025-04-012611710.1186/s43042-025-00694-8Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boyPritti Kumari0Rohina Aggarwal1Akshi Valodara2Hetvi Patel3Dipak Dhoriya4Ankita Suthar5Somesh Aggarwal6Genetics Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Genetics Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Genetics Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Genetics Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Genetics Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Dr. HL Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences (IKDRC-ITS)Department of Opthalmology, M & J Regional Institute of OphthalmologyAbstract Background Mulibrey-Nanism (Muscle-liver-brain-eye Nanism = dwarfism; MUL) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by TRIM37 gene variants characterized by growth failure, dysmorphic features and congestive heart failure. We report a 6-year-old boy with Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome who was referred to us on suspicion of some genetic syndrome. Case description A 6-year-old boy was referred for genetic evaluation with a suspected diagnosis of Silver-Russell syndrome. Comprehensive genetic analysis of the proband was conducted using both classical and modern techniques, including karyotyping, chromosomal microarray (CMA), and whole exome sequencing (WES). G-banding chromosomal analysis revealed a mosaic pattern of 47,XYY[25]/46,XY[25], indicative of Jacobs syndrome. Further analysis with CMA identified a pathogenic mosaic gain of Y chromosome consistent with the karyotype results; no other pathogenic copy number variants were observed. Finally, WES revealed a nonsense homozygous variant c.586C > T in the TRIM37 gene which is causative of Mulibrey nanism. Conclusion This case marks the first documented instance in India of the co-occurrence of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome, adding significant insights into the genetic diversity and clinical presentation of these conditions. The study highlights the importance of various genetic tests to diagnose rare genetic syndromes with overlapping phenotype.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00694-8MulibreyJacobs syndromeWhole exome sequencingKaryotype
spellingShingle Pritti Kumari
Rohina Aggarwal
Akshi Valodara
Hetvi Patel
Dipak Dhoriya
Ankita Suthar
Somesh Aggarwal
Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
Mulibrey
Jacobs syndrome
Whole exome sequencing
Karyotype
title Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
title_full Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
title_fullStr Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
title_full_unstemmed Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
title_short Case report: dual diagnosis of Mulibrey nanism and Jacobs syndrome in an Indian boy
title_sort case report dual diagnosis of mulibrey nanism and jacobs syndrome in an indian boy
topic Mulibrey
Jacobs syndrome
Whole exome sequencing
Karyotype
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-025-00694-8
work_keys_str_mv AT prittikumari casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT rohinaaggarwal casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT akshivalodara casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT hetvipatel casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT dipakdhoriya casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT ankitasuthar casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy
AT someshaggarwal casereportdualdiagnosisofmulibreynanismandjacobssyndromeinanindianboy