Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis
Southwestern China has abundant hydropower networks, wherein neighboring cascade hydropower stations within the same river basin are typically connected to the power system in a chain-structured configuration. However, when such chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs) participa...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Li Zhang Jie Yang Jun Wang Lening Wang Haiming Niu Xiaobing Liu Simon X. Yang Kun Yang |
| author_facet | Li Zhang Jie Yang Jun Wang Lening Wang Haiming Niu Xiaobing Liu Simon X. Yang Kun Yang |
| author_sort | Li Zhang |
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| description | Southwestern China has abundant hydropower networks, wherein neighboring cascade hydropower stations within the same river basin are typically connected to the power system in a chain-structured configuration. However, when such chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs) participate in automatic voltage control (AVC), problems such as reactive power interactions among stations and unreasonable voltage gradients frequently arise. To address these issues, this study proposes an optimized multi-station coordinated response control strategy based on sensitivity analysis and hierarchical AVC. Firstly, based on the topology of the chain-structured hydropower sending-end network, a reactive power–voltage sensitivity matrix is constructed. Subsequently, a regional-voltage-coordinated regulation model is developed using sensitivity analysis, followed by the establishment of a mathematical model, solution algorithm, and operational procedure for multi-station AVC-coordinated response optimization. Finally, case studies based on the actual operational data of a CC-HPP network validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, and simulation results demonstrate that the approach reduces the interstation reactive power pulling up to 97.76% and improves the voltage gradient rationality by 16.67%. These results substantially improve grid stability and operational efficiency while establishing a more adaptable voltage control framework for large-scale hydropower integration. Furthermore, they provide a practical foundation for future advancements in multi-scenario hydropower regulation, enhanced coordination strategies, and predictive control capabilities within clean energy systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e64bc5e7075743f083175786bb30b95a |
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| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-e64bc5e7075743f083175786bb30b95a2025-08-20T02:23:44ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-05-011811268110.3390/en18112681Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity AnalysisLi Zhang0Jie Yang1Jun Wang2Lening Wang3Haiming Niu4Xiaobing Liu5Simon X. Yang6Kun Yang7Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, ChinaDadu River Pubugou Hydropower General Plant, CHN ENERGY Investment Group Co., Ltd., Ya’an 625304, ChinaDadu River Pubugou Hydropower General Plant, CHN ENERGY Investment Group Co., Ltd., Ya’an 625304, ChinaGuoneng Zhishen Control Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102211, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, ChinaSchool of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaChina Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation Southwest Company, Chengdu 610041, ChinaSouthwestern China has abundant hydropower networks, wherein neighboring cascade hydropower stations within the same river basin are typically connected to the power system in a chain-structured configuration. However, when such chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs) participate in automatic voltage control (AVC), problems such as reactive power interactions among stations and unreasonable voltage gradients frequently arise. To address these issues, this study proposes an optimized multi-station coordinated response control strategy based on sensitivity analysis and hierarchical AVC. Firstly, based on the topology of the chain-structured hydropower sending-end network, a reactive power–voltage sensitivity matrix is constructed. Subsequently, a regional-voltage-coordinated regulation model is developed using sensitivity analysis, followed by the establishment of a mathematical model, solution algorithm, and operational procedure for multi-station AVC-coordinated response optimization. Finally, case studies based on the actual operational data of a CC-HPP network validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, and simulation results demonstrate that the approach reduces the interstation reactive power pulling up to 97.76% and improves the voltage gradient rationality by 16.67%. These results substantially improve grid stability and operational efficiency while establishing a more adaptable voltage control framework for large-scale hydropower integration. Furthermore, they provide a practical foundation for future advancements in multi-scenario hydropower regulation, enhanced coordination strategies, and predictive control capabilities within clean energy systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2681chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs)automatic voltage control (AVC)sensitivity analysiscollaborative responseoperation optimization |
| spellingShingle | Li Zhang Jie Yang Jun Wang Lening Wang Haiming Niu Xiaobing Liu Simon X. Yang Kun Yang Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis Energies chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs) automatic voltage control (AVC) sensitivity analysis collaborative response operation optimization |
| title | Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis |
| title_full | Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis |
| title_short | Optimizing Automatic Voltage Control Collaborative Responses in Chain-Structured Cascade Hydroelectric Power Plants Using Sensitivity Analysis |
| title_sort | optimizing automatic voltage control collaborative responses in chain structured cascade hydroelectric power plants using sensitivity analysis |
| topic | chain-structured cascade hydroelectric power plants (CC-HPPs) automatic voltage control (AVC) sensitivity analysis collaborative response operation optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2681 |
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