The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of genotype (GT) and seasonality (NP) on the quality parameters of sow colostrum and evaluate the efficiency of the radial immunodiffusion (RID) analysis and the Brix refractometer in determining the IgG concentration. This study was conducted o...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kristina Gvozdanović, Vice Čuljak, Vladimir Margeta, Ivona Djurkin Kušec, Boris Antunović, Dalida Galović, Goran Kušec
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/12/1802
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849433870377680896
author Kristina Gvozdanović
Vice Čuljak
Vladimir Margeta
Ivona Djurkin Kušec
Boris Antunović
Dalida Galović
Goran Kušec
author_facet Kristina Gvozdanović
Vice Čuljak
Vladimir Margeta
Ivona Djurkin Kušec
Boris Antunović
Dalida Galović
Goran Kušec
author_sort Kristina Gvozdanović
collection DOAJ
description The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of genotype (GT) and seasonality (NP) on the quality parameters of sow colostrum and evaluate the efficiency of the radial immunodiffusion (RID) analysis and the Brix refractometer in determining the IgG concentration. This study was conducted on 240 sows that originated from two genotypes, namely GT1 (TOPIGS, n = 120) and GT2 (Pig Improvement Company, n = 120), during the three farrowing periods: the winter farrowing period (WNP, n = 80), the summer farrowing period (SMP, n = 80) and the spring farrowing period (SSP, n = 80). The significant interaction effect was observed for protein (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), lactose (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and non-fat solids (SNT) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At the same time, the interaction effect influenced the IgG concentration measured with the Brix refractometer (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and RID (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that Brix percentage was positively correlated with RID results (r = 0.52, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), while the Bland–Altman plots indicated a mean bias of −1.93. Partial eta-squared analysis (η<sup>2</sup>) showed that the genotype explained the largest proportion of variance in fat content (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.136) and IgG concentration (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.164), while interaction effects were largest for protein (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.072). The results of this study show that genotype and seasonality influence sow colostrum quality, which indicates the importance of genotype−seasonality interactions in breeding programs for optimizing the colostrum quality and piglet survival.
format Article
id doaj-art-e64233f130a9465eabc9b9c8463d55cb
institution Kabale University
issn 2076-2615
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Animals
spelling doaj-art-e64233f130a9465eabc9b9c8463d55cb2025-08-20T03:26:52ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-06-011512180210.3390/ani15121802The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G ContentKristina Gvozdanović0Vice Čuljak1Vladimir Margeta2Ivona Djurkin Kušec3Boris Antunović4Dalida Galović5Goran Kušec6Department for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaState Inspectorate, Šubičeva 29, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment for Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of genotype (GT) and seasonality (NP) on the quality parameters of sow colostrum and evaluate the efficiency of the radial immunodiffusion (RID) analysis and the Brix refractometer in determining the IgG concentration. This study was conducted on 240 sows that originated from two genotypes, namely GT1 (TOPIGS, n = 120) and GT2 (Pig Improvement Company, n = 120), during the three farrowing periods: the winter farrowing period (WNP, n = 80), the summer farrowing period (SMP, n = 80) and the spring farrowing period (SSP, n = 80). The significant interaction effect was observed for protein (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), lactose (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and non-fat solids (SNT) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At the same time, the interaction effect influenced the IgG concentration measured with the Brix refractometer (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and RID (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that Brix percentage was positively correlated with RID results (r = 0.52, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), while the Bland–Altman plots indicated a mean bias of −1.93. Partial eta-squared analysis (η<sup>2</sup>) showed that the genotype explained the largest proportion of variance in fat content (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.136) and IgG concentration (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.164), while interaction effects were largest for protein (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.072). The results of this study show that genotype and seasonality influence sow colostrum quality, which indicates the importance of genotype−seasonality interactions in breeding programs for optimizing the colostrum quality and piglet survival.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/12/1802pigcolostrumpigletinteractionproteins
spellingShingle Kristina Gvozdanović
Vice Čuljak
Vladimir Margeta
Ivona Djurkin Kušec
Boris Antunović
Dalida Galović
Goran Kušec
The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
Animals
pig
colostrum
piglet
interaction
proteins
title The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
title_full The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
title_fullStr The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
title_full_unstemmed The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
title_short The Influence of Genotype and Seasonality on the Sow Colostrum Quality and Immunoglobulin G Content
title_sort influence of genotype and seasonality on the sow colostrum quality and immunoglobulin g content
topic pig
colostrum
piglet
interaction
proteins
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/12/1802
work_keys_str_mv AT kristinagvozdanovic theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT viceculjak theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT vladimirmargeta theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT ivonadjurkinkusec theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT borisantunovic theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT dalidagalovic theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT gorankusec theinfluenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT kristinagvozdanovic influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT viceculjak influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT vladimirmargeta influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT ivonadjurkinkusec influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT borisantunovic influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT dalidagalovic influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent
AT gorankusec influenceofgenotypeandseasonalityonthesowcolostrumqualityandimmunoglobulingcontent