Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions

The challenge of enhancing crop yields sustainably is critical in modern agriculture. This study investigated the effectiveness of various biostimulants (extracts derived from insect frass, compost, humic material, seaweeds, and fish hydrolysate) on the yield of barley and peas in sole and intercrop...

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Main Authors: Bohdan Mazurenko, Md Nasir Hossain Sani, Dmytro Litvinov, Svitlana Kalenska, Vitaliy Kovalenko, Iryna Shpakovych, Olena Pikovska, Lyudmyla Gordienko, Jean Wan Hong Yong, Bhim Bahadur Ghaley, Oksana Tonkha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325004454
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author Bohdan Mazurenko
Md Nasir Hossain Sani
Dmytro Litvinov
Svitlana Kalenska
Vitaliy Kovalenko
Iryna Shpakovych
Olena Pikovska
Lyudmyla Gordienko
Jean Wan Hong Yong
Bhim Bahadur Ghaley
Oksana Tonkha
author_facet Bohdan Mazurenko
Md Nasir Hossain Sani
Dmytro Litvinov
Svitlana Kalenska
Vitaliy Kovalenko
Iryna Shpakovych
Olena Pikovska
Lyudmyla Gordienko
Jean Wan Hong Yong
Bhim Bahadur Ghaley
Oksana Tonkha
author_sort Bohdan Mazurenko
collection DOAJ
description The challenge of enhancing crop yields sustainably is critical in modern agriculture. This study investigated the effectiveness of various biostimulants (extracts derived from insect frass, compost, humic material, seaweeds, and fish hydrolysate) on the yield of barley and peas in sole and intercropped systems. Results demonstrated that pea-barley intercrop delivered higher grain yields compared to pea or barley sole crops, with a maximum yield of 7.08 t/ha achieved using compost tea. Barley grain yields in pea-barley intercrop ranged from 4.72 to 5.57 t/ha with biostimulant applications compared to 4.39 t/ha without biostimulant (control) treatment. While pea sole cropping did not show significant yield improvements with biostimulants, intercropped pea yields increased significantly, with humus extract and compost tea enhancing yields by 61.9 % and 45.4 %, respectively. The application of biostimulants also increased the number and weight of seeds per spike in barley and the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and thousand seed weight in peas. Although intercropping resulted in fewer spikes compared to sole crops, barley produced more grain per spike, with the highest increase observed with seaweed extract. The stimulatory role of biostimulants is associated with their anti-stress action and rhizosphere stimulation for increased N-fixing activity explaining certain increases in productivity, and consequently in the yield of crops, especially in pea-barley intercrop where there is intense competition between species during the generative period of development. Furthermore, the overall land equivalent ratio (LER) for the pea-barley intercropping system was consistently above 1.0, indicating a consistent yield advantage over monoculture throughout the growing season. These findings indicate that biostimulants and intercropping synergistically enhance crop yields and biomass, promoting sustainable agricultural practices by optimizing resource use and minimizing chemical inputs.
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spelling doaj-art-e62e31a3f9c34c05965b5780c457ec822025-08-20T02:47:24ZengElsevierJournal of Agriculture and Food Research2666-15432025-08-012210207410.1016/j.jafr.2025.102074Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditionsBohdan Mazurenko0Md Nasir Hossain Sani1Dmytro Litvinov2Svitlana Kalenska3Vitaliy Kovalenko4Iryna Shpakovych5Olena Pikovska6Lyudmyla Gordienko7Jean Wan Hong Yong8Bhim Bahadur Ghaley9Oksana Tonkha10National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, 23456, SwedenNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, UkraineDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, 23456, Sweden; Corresponding author.Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2630, Taastrup, DenmarkNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony Str.15, Kyiv, UA-03041, Ukraine; Corresponding author.The challenge of enhancing crop yields sustainably is critical in modern agriculture. This study investigated the effectiveness of various biostimulants (extracts derived from insect frass, compost, humic material, seaweeds, and fish hydrolysate) on the yield of barley and peas in sole and intercropped systems. Results demonstrated that pea-barley intercrop delivered higher grain yields compared to pea or barley sole crops, with a maximum yield of 7.08 t/ha achieved using compost tea. Barley grain yields in pea-barley intercrop ranged from 4.72 to 5.57 t/ha with biostimulant applications compared to 4.39 t/ha without biostimulant (control) treatment. While pea sole cropping did not show significant yield improvements with biostimulants, intercropped pea yields increased significantly, with humus extract and compost tea enhancing yields by 61.9 % and 45.4 %, respectively. The application of biostimulants also increased the number and weight of seeds per spike in barley and the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and thousand seed weight in peas. Although intercropping resulted in fewer spikes compared to sole crops, barley produced more grain per spike, with the highest increase observed with seaweed extract. The stimulatory role of biostimulants is associated with their anti-stress action and rhizosphere stimulation for increased N-fixing activity explaining certain increases in productivity, and consequently in the yield of crops, especially in pea-barley intercrop where there is intense competition between species during the generative period of development. Furthermore, the overall land equivalent ratio (LER) for the pea-barley intercropping system was consistently above 1.0, indicating a consistent yield advantage over monoculture throughout the growing season. These findings indicate that biostimulants and intercropping synergistically enhance crop yields and biomass, promoting sustainable agricultural practices by optimizing resource use and minimizing chemical inputs.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325004454AgroecologyCropping systemsLegumeGrain yieldNitrogen fixation
spellingShingle Bohdan Mazurenko
Md Nasir Hossain Sani
Dmytro Litvinov
Svitlana Kalenska
Vitaliy Kovalenko
Iryna Shpakovych
Olena Pikovska
Lyudmyla Gordienko
Jean Wan Hong Yong
Bhim Bahadur Ghaley
Oksana Tonkha
Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
Agroecology
Cropping systems
Legume
Grain yield
Nitrogen fixation
title Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
title_full Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
title_fullStr Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
title_full_unstemmed Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
title_short Biostimulants-induced improvements in pea-barley intercropping systems: A study of biomass and yield optimization under Ukrainian climatic conditions
title_sort biostimulants induced improvements in pea barley intercropping systems a study of biomass and yield optimization under ukrainian climatic conditions
topic Agroecology
Cropping systems
Legume
Grain yield
Nitrogen fixation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154325004454
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