Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis
Abstract Background MS is characterized by persistent central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Investigating the CNS-compartmentalized inflammation associated with progressive MS could uncover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) can be markedly el...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04145-0 |
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| author | Justine Itorralba Koroboshka Brand-Arzamendi Georges Saab Alexandra Muccilli Raphael Schneider |
| author_facet | Justine Itorralba Koroboshka Brand-Arzamendi Georges Saab Alexandra Muccilli Raphael Schneider |
| author_sort | Justine Itorralba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background MS is characterized by persistent central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Investigating the CNS-compartmentalized inflammation associated with progressive MS could uncover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) can be markedly elevated in neuroinflammatory conditions, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. This study investigated the association between CSF IL-6 levels, progressive disease, and disease severity in MS. Methods Advanced technologies, including single-molecule arrays and microfluidics, were used to analyse CSF samples from individuals with MS at the time of diagnosis for IL-6. IL-6 levels were then correlated with clinical course, disease severity, and other known biomarkers associated with inflammation and disease severity. Results Elevated IL-6 levels in the CSF were found in individuals with progressive MS, and CSF IL-6 showed positive correlations with the Expanded Disability Status Scale, the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score, and CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Conclusions IL-6 in CSF indicates ongoing CNS inflammation and may contribute to the compartmentalized inflammation associated with disease progression and overall disease severity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e62a541661d34f2fa3f31066c7cf5cf5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2377 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Neurology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e62a541661d34f2fa3f31066c7cf5cf52025-08-20T02:25:40ZengBMCBMC Neurology1471-23772025-04-0125111010.1186/s12883-025-04145-0Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosisJustine Itorralba0Koroboshka Brand-Arzamendi1Georges Saab2Alexandra Muccilli3Raphael Schneider4Department of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health TorontoDepartment of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health TorontoUniversity of Manitoba Multiple Sclerosis ClinicDepartment of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health TorontoDepartment of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health TorontoAbstract Background MS is characterized by persistent central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Investigating the CNS-compartmentalized inflammation associated with progressive MS could uncover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) can be markedly elevated in neuroinflammatory conditions, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. This study investigated the association between CSF IL-6 levels, progressive disease, and disease severity in MS. Methods Advanced technologies, including single-molecule arrays and microfluidics, were used to analyse CSF samples from individuals with MS at the time of diagnosis for IL-6. IL-6 levels were then correlated with clinical course, disease severity, and other known biomarkers associated with inflammation and disease severity. Results Elevated IL-6 levels in the CSF were found in individuals with progressive MS, and CSF IL-6 showed positive correlations with the Expanded Disability Status Scale, the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score, and CSF glial fibrillary acidic protein levels. Conclusions IL-6 in CSF indicates ongoing CNS inflammation and may contribute to the compartmentalized inflammation associated with disease progression and overall disease severity.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04145-0Multiple sclerosisInterleukin-6Cerebrospinal fluidDisease progressionNeuroinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Justine Itorralba Koroboshka Brand-Arzamendi Georges Saab Alexandra Muccilli Raphael Schneider Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis BMC Neurology Multiple sclerosis Interleukin-6 Cerebrospinal fluid Disease progression Neuroinflammation |
| title | Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| title_full | Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| title_short | Intrathecal interleukin-6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| title_sort | intrathecal interleukin 6 levels are associated with progressive disease and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis |
| topic | Multiple sclerosis Interleukin-6 Cerebrospinal fluid Disease progression Neuroinflammation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04145-0 |
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