Energetic particle physics: Chapter 7 of the special issue: on the path to tokamak burning plasma operation

Energetic particle physics: Chapter 7 of the special issue: on the path to tokamak burning plasma operation

We review the physics of energetic particles (EPs) in magnetically confined burning fusion plasmas with focus on advances since the last update of the ITER Physics Basis (Fasoli et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 S264). Topics include basic EP physics, EP generation, diagnostics of EPs and instabilities, th...

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Main Authors: M. Salewski, D.A. Spong, P. Aleynikov, R. Bilato, B.N. Breizman, S. Briguglio, H. Cai, L. Chen, W. Chen, V.N. Duarte, R.J. Dumont, M.V. Falessi, M. Fitzgerald, E.D. Fredrickson, M. García-Muñoz, N.N. Gorelenkov, T. Hayward-Schneider, W.W. Heidbrink, M.J. Hole, Ye.O. Kazakov, V.G. Kiptily, A. Könies, T. Kurki-Suonio, Ph. Lauber, S.A. Lazerson, Z. Lin, A. Mishchenko, D. Moseev, C.M. Muscatello, M. Nocente, M. Podestà, A. Polevoi, M. Schneider, S.E. Sharapov, A. Snicker, Y. Todo, Z. Qiu, G. Vlad, X. Wang, D. Zarzoso, M.A. Van Zeeland, F. Zonca, S.D. Pinches
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:Nuclear Fusion
Subjects:
energetic particle physics
fast ion physics
runaway electron physics
burning plasmas
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/adb763
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Summary:We review the physics of energetic particles (EPs) in magnetically confined burning fusion plasmas with focus on advances since the last update of the ITER Physics Basis (Fasoli et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 S264). Topics include basic EP physics, EP generation, diagnostics of EPs and instabilities, the interaction of EPs and thermal plasma instabilities, EP-driven instabilities, energetic particle modes (EPMs), and turbulence, linear and nonlinear stability and simulation of EP-driven instabilities and EPMs, 3D effects, scenario optimization strategies based on EP phase-space control, EPs in reduced field scenarios in ITER before DT, and the physics of runaway electrons. We describe the simulation and modeling of EPs in fusion plasmas, including instability drive and damping as well as EP transport, with a range of approaches from first-principles to reduced models, including gyrokinetic simulations, kinetic-MHD models, gyrofluid models, reduced models, and semi-analytical approaches.
ISSN:0029-5515

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