Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers

The morphology of X-ray halos in early-type galaxies depends on key structure assembly processes, such as feedback and mergers. However, the signatures of these processes are difficult to characterize due to their faint and amorphous nature. We demonstrate that the truncation in the temperature prof...

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Main Authors: Nushkia Chamba, Pamela M. Marcum, Alejandro S. Borlaff, Pasquale Temi, Aneta Siemiginowska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade873
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author Nushkia Chamba
Pamela M. Marcum
Alejandro S. Borlaff
Pasquale Temi
Aneta Siemiginowska
author_facet Nushkia Chamba
Pamela M. Marcum
Alejandro S. Borlaff
Pasquale Temi
Aneta Siemiginowska
author_sort Nushkia Chamba
collection DOAJ
description The morphology of X-ray halos in early-type galaxies depends on key structure assembly processes, such as feedback and mergers. However, the signatures of these processes are difficult to characterize due to their faint and amorphous nature. We demonstrate that the truncation in the temperature profile of X-ray halos, defined by the radial location of the peak temperature, is significantly more impacted by recent mergers or galaxy interactions than feedback processes. At a fixed stellar mass, a highly asymmetric X-ray halo can be nearly a factor of 10 more truncated than a relaxed one. This analysis led to a discovery of previously unknown asymmetric features in the optical and X-ray halos of three massive galaxies. We detect the intra-group star light and a large ∼45 kpc size stellar stream connected to NGC 0383, suggesting that a recent stellar accretion event has triggered its active galactic nuclei to emit a powerful radio jet. While the disturbed X-ray halo of NGC 1600 is also related to a galaxy-satellite tidal interaction detected in optical imaging, the X-ray shape and asymmetry of NGC 4555 are highly unusual for a galaxy in a low-density environment, requiring further investigation. These results highlight the importance of truncations and deep imaging techniques for untangling the formation of X-ray halos in massive galaxies.
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spelling doaj-art-e5f7284ab1f24885ae3fbefd8a5a79862025-08-20T03:31:52ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01988224910.3847/1538-4357/ade873Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and MergersNushkia Chamba0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-5995Pamela M. Marcum1Alejandro S. Borlaff2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-4431Pasquale Temi3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8341-342XAneta Siemiginowska4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0905-7375NASA Ames Research Center , Space Science and Astrobiology Division M.S. 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA ; nushkia.chamba@nasa.govNASA Ames Research Center , Space Science and Astrobiology Division M.S. 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA ; nushkia.chamba@nasa.govNASA Ames Research Center , Space Science and Astrobiology Division M.S. 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA ; nushkia.chamba@nasa.gov; Bay Area Environmental Research Institute , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USANASA Ames Research Center , Space Science and Astrobiology Division M.S. 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA ; nushkia.chamba@nasa.govHarvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAThe morphology of X-ray halos in early-type galaxies depends on key structure assembly processes, such as feedback and mergers. However, the signatures of these processes are difficult to characterize due to their faint and amorphous nature. We demonstrate that the truncation in the temperature profile of X-ray halos, defined by the radial location of the peak temperature, is significantly more impacted by recent mergers or galaxy interactions than feedback processes. At a fixed stellar mass, a highly asymmetric X-ray halo can be nearly a factor of 10 more truncated than a relaxed one. This analysis led to a discovery of previously unknown asymmetric features in the optical and X-ray halos of three massive galaxies. We detect the intra-group star light and a large ∼45 kpc size stellar stream connected to NGC 0383, suggesting that a recent stellar accretion event has triggered its active galactic nuclei to emit a powerful radio jet. While the disturbed X-ray halo of NGC 1600 is also related to a galaxy-satellite tidal interaction detected in optical imaging, the X-ray shape and asymmetry of NGC 4555 are highly unusual for a galaxy in a low-density environment, requiring further investigation. These results highlight the importance of truncations and deep imaging techniques for untangling the formation of X-ray halos in massive galaxies.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade873Scaling relationsGalaxy radiiCircumgalactic mediumGalaxy environmentsGalaxy mergersEarly-type galaxies
spellingShingle Nushkia Chamba
Pamela M. Marcum
Alejandro S. Borlaff
Pasquale Temi
Aneta Siemiginowska
Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
The Astrophysical Journal
Scaling relations
Galaxy radii
Circumgalactic medium
Galaxy environments
Galaxy mergers
Early-type galaxies
title Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
title_full Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
title_fullStr Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
title_full_unstemmed Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
title_short Truncations in the X-Ray Halos of Early-type Galaxies as a Tracer of Feedback and Mergers
title_sort truncations in the x ray halos of early type galaxies as a tracer of feedback and mergers
topic Scaling relations
Galaxy radii
Circumgalactic medium
Galaxy environments
Galaxy mergers
Early-type galaxies
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade873
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