Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media

In this study, four homogeneous porous media (HPM1-HPM4), consisting of distinct proportions of sand-sized and clay-sized solid beads, were prepared and used as single fracture infills. Flow and nonreactive solute transport experiments in HPM1-HPM4 under three flow rates were conducted, and the meas...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Albert Kwame Kwaw, Zhi Dou, Jinguo Wang, Yuting Zhang, Xueyi Zhang, Wenyuan Zhu, Portia Annabelle Opoku
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Geofluids
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1207971
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849435286386245632
author Albert Kwame Kwaw
Zhi Dou
Jinguo Wang
Yuting Zhang
Xueyi Zhang
Wenyuan Zhu
Portia Annabelle Opoku
author_facet Albert Kwame Kwaw
Zhi Dou
Jinguo Wang
Yuting Zhang
Xueyi Zhang
Wenyuan Zhu
Portia Annabelle Opoku
author_sort Albert Kwame Kwaw
collection DOAJ
description In this study, four homogeneous porous media (HPM1-HPM4), consisting of distinct proportions of sand-sized and clay-sized solid beads, were prepared and used as single fracture infills. Flow and nonreactive solute transport experiments in HPM1-HPM4 under three flow rates were conducted, and the measured breakthrough curves (BTCs) were quantified using conventional advection-dispersion equation (ADE), mobile-immobile model (MIM), and continuous time random walk (CTRW) model with truncated power law transition time distribution. The measured BTCs showed stronger non-Fickian behaviour in HPM2-HPM4 (which had clay) than in HPM1 (which had no clay), implying that clay enhanced the non-Fickian transport. As the fraction of clay increased, the global error of ADE fits also increased, affirming the inefficiency of ADE in capturing the clay-induced non-Fickian behaviour. MIM and CTRW performed better in capturing the non-Fickian behaviour. Nonetheless, CTRW’s performance was robust. 12.5% and 25% of clay in HPM2 and HPM3, respectively, decreased the flowing fluid region and increased the solute exchange rate between the flowing and stagnant fluid regions in MIM. For CTRW, the power law exponent (βCTRW) values were 1.96, 1.75, and 1.63 in HPM1-HPM3, respectively, implying enhanced non-Fickian behaviour. However, for HPM4, whose clay fraction was 50%, the βCTRW value was 1.87, implying a deviation in the trend of non-Fickian enhancement with increasing clay fraction. This deviation indicated that non-Fickian behaviour enhancement depended on the fraction of clay present. Moreover, increasing flow rate enhanced the non-Fickian transport based on βCTRW.
format Article
id doaj-art-e5c6705f30dc40d08ef77ab04e443635
institution Kabale University
issn 1468-8115
1468-8123
language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Geofluids
spelling doaj-art-e5c6705f30dc40d08ef77ab04e4436352025-08-20T03:26:20ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81151468-81232021-01-01202110.1155/2021/12079711207971Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed MediaAlbert Kwame Kwaw0Zhi Dou1Jinguo Wang2Yuting Zhang3Xueyi Zhang4Wenyuan Zhu5Portia Annabelle Opoku6School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaSchool of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaIn this study, four homogeneous porous media (HPM1-HPM4), consisting of distinct proportions of sand-sized and clay-sized solid beads, were prepared and used as single fracture infills. Flow and nonreactive solute transport experiments in HPM1-HPM4 under three flow rates were conducted, and the measured breakthrough curves (BTCs) were quantified using conventional advection-dispersion equation (ADE), mobile-immobile model (MIM), and continuous time random walk (CTRW) model with truncated power law transition time distribution. The measured BTCs showed stronger non-Fickian behaviour in HPM2-HPM4 (which had clay) than in HPM1 (which had no clay), implying that clay enhanced the non-Fickian transport. As the fraction of clay increased, the global error of ADE fits also increased, affirming the inefficiency of ADE in capturing the clay-induced non-Fickian behaviour. MIM and CTRW performed better in capturing the non-Fickian behaviour. Nonetheless, CTRW’s performance was robust. 12.5% and 25% of clay in HPM2 and HPM3, respectively, decreased the flowing fluid region and increased the solute exchange rate between the flowing and stagnant fluid regions in MIM. For CTRW, the power law exponent (βCTRW) values were 1.96, 1.75, and 1.63 in HPM1-HPM3, respectively, implying enhanced non-Fickian behaviour. However, for HPM4, whose clay fraction was 50%, the βCTRW value was 1.87, implying a deviation in the trend of non-Fickian enhancement with increasing clay fraction. This deviation indicated that non-Fickian behaviour enhancement depended on the fraction of clay present. Moreover, increasing flow rate enhanced the non-Fickian transport based on βCTRW.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1207971
spellingShingle Albert Kwame Kwaw
Zhi Dou
Jinguo Wang
Yuting Zhang
Xueyi Zhang
Wenyuan Zhu
Portia Annabelle Opoku
Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
Geofluids
title Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
title_full Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
title_fullStr Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
title_short Influence of Clay on Solute Transport in Saturated Homogeneous Mixed Media
title_sort influence of clay on solute transport in saturated homogeneous mixed media
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1207971
work_keys_str_mv AT albertkwamekwaw influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT zhidou influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT jinguowang influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT yutingzhang influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT xueyizhang influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT wenyuanzhu influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia
AT portiaannabelleopoku influenceofclayonsolutetransportinsaturatedhomogeneousmixedmedia