A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches

Comparative histopathological and ultrastructural investigations were performed on the livers of 2 fish species, namely, flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) naturally infected with the nematode Anisakis simplex (s.l.) (Rudolphi, 1809) larvae (L3) and tuvira (Gymnotus inaequilabiatus) (Valenciennes, 1...

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Main Authors: Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli, Emanuela Franchella, Flavio Pironi, Daniela Giannetto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press
Series:Parasitology
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Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202510053X/type/journal_article
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author Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli
Emanuela Franchella
Flavio Pironi
Daniela Giannetto
author_facet Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli
Emanuela Franchella
Flavio Pironi
Daniela Giannetto
author_sort Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli
collection DOAJ
description Comparative histopathological and ultrastructural investigations were performed on the livers of 2 fish species, namely, flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) naturally infected with the nematode Anisakis simplex (s.l.) (Rudolphi, 1809) larvae (L3) and tuvira (Gymnotus inaequilabiatus) (Valenciennes, 1839) harbouring the nematode Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) (Shikhobalova and Mozgovoi, 1952). The intensity of infection by A. simplex (s.l.) larvae (L3) in flounders ranged from 3 to 10 parasites per organ. The worms were encapsulated by the peritoneal visceral serosa on the external surface of the liver. Infected P. flesus livers showed hepatocyte cytoplasmic rarefaction and cell swelling. A few immune cell types, such as macrophages, limited numbers of mast cells (MCs), lymphocytes and some epithelioid cells, were observed within the granuloma. The intensity of infection by Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) in G. inaequilabiatus ranged from 4 to over 340 larvae per organ, and the nematode larvae were encircled by round-to-oval granulomas. Each granuloma possessed 3 concentric layers of cells and tissue: an inner layer in close proximity to the Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) cuticle, formed by densely packed layers of epithelioid cells showing several desmosomes between each other; a middle layer of numerous MCs entrapped in a thin fibroblast-connective mesh; and an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue with thin, elongated fibroblasts. High numbers of macrophages and macrophage aggregates were scattered within the granuloma. This is the first study to compare the cellular nature of granulomas and the immune responses in the livers of paratenic fish hosts of 2 nematode species.
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spelling doaj-art-e5bd506136e84942bebefa677b78e5a02025-08-20T03:15:16ZengCambridge University PressParasitology0031-18201469-81611910.1017/S003118202510053XA portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approachesBahram Sayyaf Dezfuli0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9778-5937Emanuela Franchella1Flavio Pironi2Daniela Giannetto3Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, TurkeyComparative histopathological and ultrastructural investigations were performed on the livers of 2 fish species, namely, flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) naturally infected with the nematode Anisakis simplex (s.l.) (Rudolphi, 1809) larvae (L3) and tuvira (Gymnotus inaequilabiatus) (Valenciennes, 1839) harbouring the nematode Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) (Shikhobalova and Mozgovoi, 1952). The intensity of infection by A. simplex (s.l.) larvae (L3) in flounders ranged from 3 to 10 parasites per organ. The worms were encapsulated by the peritoneal visceral serosa on the external surface of the liver. Infected P. flesus livers showed hepatocyte cytoplasmic rarefaction and cell swelling. A few immune cell types, such as macrophages, limited numbers of mast cells (MCs), lymphocytes and some epithelioid cells, were observed within the granuloma. The intensity of infection by Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) in G. inaequilabiatus ranged from 4 to over 340 larvae per organ, and the nematode larvae were encircled by round-to-oval granulomas. Each granuloma possessed 3 concentric layers of cells and tissue: an inner layer in close proximity to the Brevimulticaecum sp. (L3) cuticle, formed by densely packed layers of epithelioid cells showing several desmosomes between each other; a middle layer of numerous MCs entrapped in a thin fibroblast-connective mesh; and an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue with thin, elongated fibroblasts. High numbers of macrophages and macrophage aggregates were scattered within the granuloma. This is the first study to compare the cellular nature of granulomas and the immune responses in the livers of paratenic fish hosts of 2 nematode species.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202510053X/type/journal_articlefish paratenic hostshepatic granulomainnate immune cellsnematode larvae
spellingShingle Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli
Emanuela Franchella
Flavio Pironi
Daniela Giannetto
A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
Parasitology
fish paratenic hosts
hepatic granuloma
innate immune cells
nematode larvae
title A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
title_full A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
title_fullStr A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
title_full_unstemmed A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
title_short A portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts, illustrating different immunological approaches
title_sort portrait of 2 nematodes in liver of their paratenic fish hosts illustrating different immunological approaches
topic fish paratenic hosts
hepatic granuloma
innate immune cells
nematode larvae
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202510053X/type/journal_article
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