Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress
Salt stress is a vital environmental stress that severely limits plant growth and productivity. Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) has been extensively studied to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the constructive role of Pro-Ca in alleviating damages and enhancing rice t...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Wanqi Mei Shaoxia Yang Jian Xiong Aaqil Khan Liming Zhao Xiaole Du Jingxin Huo Hang Zhou Zhiyuan Sun Xiaohui Yang Nana Yue Naijie Feng Dianfeng Zheng |
| author_facet | Wanqi Mei Shaoxia Yang Jian Xiong Aaqil Khan Liming Zhao Xiaole Du Jingxin Huo Hang Zhou Zhiyuan Sun Xiaohui Yang Nana Yue Naijie Feng Dianfeng Zheng |
| author_sort | Wanqi Mei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress is a vital environmental stress that severely limits plant growth and productivity. Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) has been extensively studied to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the constructive role of Pro-Ca in alleviating damages and enhancing rice tillers’ morph-physiological characteristics under salt stress remains largely unknown. The results showed that Pro-Ca significantly improved Changmaogu’s (CMG’s) productive tillering rate and the total yield per plant by 17.1% and 59.4%, respectively. At tillering stage, the results showed that Pro-Ca significantly improved the morph-physiological traits, i.e., leaf area, and photosynthetic traits of the rice variety with salt tolerance, under NaCl stress. Pro-Ca significantly increased the seedling index of the main stem and tiller by 10.3% and 20.0%, respectively. Pro-Ca significantly increased the chlorophyll <i>a</i> (chl <i>a</i>), chlorophyll <i>b</i> (chl <i>b</i>) and carotenoid contents by 32.8%, 58.4%, and 33.2%, respectively under NaCl stress. Moreover, Pro-Ca significantly enhanced the net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>) by 25.0% and the non-photochemical (NPQ) by 9.0% under NaCl stress. Furthermore, the application of Pro-Ca increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes by 7.5% and 14.7% in superoxide dismutase (SOD), 6.76% and 18.0% in peroxidase (POD), 26.4% and 58.5% in catalase (CAT), 11.0% and 15.9% in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Pro-Ca reduced the membrane damage index by 10.8% and 2.19% in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, respectively, for main stem and tiller leaves under NaCl stress. Pro-Ca significantly enhanced the soluble protein content of the main stem and tiller leaves by 2.60% and 6.08%, respectively. The current findings strongly suggested that exogenous application of Pro-Ca effectively alleviated the adverse impact of NaCl stress on the main stem and tillers by enhancing the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity, and ultimately increased the productive tillering rate and grain yield. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e5b62bb435b14207bfb2831b6d0290032025-01-24T13:46:40ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114218810.3390/plants14020188Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl StressWanqi Mei0Shaoxia Yang1Jian Xiong2Aaqil Khan3Liming Zhao4Xiaole Du5Jingxin Huo6Hang Zhou7Zhiyuan Sun8Xiaohui Yang9Nana Yue10Naijie Feng11Dianfeng Zheng12College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSalt stress is a vital environmental stress that severely limits plant growth and productivity. Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) has been extensively studied to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the constructive role of Pro-Ca in alleviating damages and enhancing rice tillers’ morph-physiological characteristics under salt stress remains largely unknown. The results showed that Pro-Ca significantly improved Changmaogu’s (CMG’s) productive tillering rate and the total yield per plant by 17.1% and 59.4%, respectively. At tillering stage, the results showed that Pro-Ca significantly improved the morph-physiological traits, i.e., leaf area, and photosynthetic traits of the rice variety with salt tolerance, under NaCl stress. Pro-Ca significantly increased the seedling index of the main stem and tiller by 10.3% and 20.0%, respectively. Pro-Ca significantly increased the chlorophyll <i>a</i> (chl <i>a</i>), chlorophyll <i>b</i> (chl <i>b</i>) and carotenoid contents by 32.8%, 58.4%, and 33.2%, respectively under NaCl stress. Moreover, Pro-Ca significantly enhanced the net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>) by 25.0% and the non-photochemical (NPQ) by 9.0% under NaCl stress. Furthermore, the application of Pro-Ca increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes by 7.5% and 14.7% in superoxide dismutase (SOD), 6.76% and 18.0% in peroxidase (POD), 26.4% and 58.5% in catalase (CAT), 11.0% and 15.9% in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Pro-Ca reduced the membrane damage index by 10.8% and 2.19% in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, respectively, for main stem and tiller leaves under NaCl stress. Pro-Ca significantly enhanced the soluble protein content of the main stem and tiller leaves by 2.60% and 6.08%, respectively. The current findings strongly suggested that exogenous application of Pro-Ca effectively alleviated the adverse impact of NaCl stress on the main stem and tillers by enhancing the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity, and ultimately increased the productive tillering rate and grain yield.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/188ricePro-Camain stemtillerNaCl stressyield |
| spellingShingle | Wanqi Mei Shaoxia Yang Jian Xiong Aaqil Khan Liming Zhao Xiaole Du Jingxin Huo Hang Zhou Zhiyuan Sun Xiaohui Yang Nana Yue Naijie Feng Dianfeng Zheng Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress Plants rice Pro-Ca main stem tiller NaCl stress yield |
| title | Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress |
| title_full | Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress |
| title_fullStr | Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress |
| title_short | Prohexadione-Calcium Reduced Stem and Tiller Damage and Maintained Yield by Improving the Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Under NaCl Stress |
| title_sort | prohexadione calcium reduced stem and tiller damage and maintained yield by improving the photosynthetic and antioxidant capacity of rice i oryza sativa i l under nacl stress |
| topic | rice Pro-Ca main stem tiller NaCl stress yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/188 |
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