A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning
Background: Various fumigant products containing aluminium phosphide, known as rice pills, are widely used to kill insects in many parts of Iran, including the northern provinces. Poisoning with zinc phosphide as a rat poison also has the same side effects as aluminium phosphide. This poisoning ha...
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| Format: | Article |
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Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Novelty in Biomedicine |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/nbm/article/view/44690 |
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| author | Khadijeh Saravani Anahita Alizadeh Ghamsari Bita Dadpour Alireza Ghassemi Toussi Seyed Reza Mousavi Farah Pouramiri |
| author_facet | Khadijeh Saravani Anahita Alizadeh Ghamsari Bita Dadpour Alireza Ghassemi Toussi Seyed Reza Mousavi Farah Pouramiri |
| author_sort | Khadijeh Saravani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Various fumigant products containing aluminium phosphide, known as rice pills, are widely used to kill insects in many parts of Iran, including the northern provinces. Poisoning with zinc phosphide as a rat poison also has the same side effects as aluminium phosphide. This poisoning has no specific antidote, and the treatment is auxiliary, and one of the effective auxiliary treatments is L-carnitine. This review study aimed to determine the prevalence of aluminium phosphide poisoning and treatment with intravenous L-carnitine.
Materials and Methods: This study was a narrative review conducted in 2023. Search keywords aluminium phosphide, zinc phosphide, intravenous L-carnitine, and poisoning in Persian and English languages in databases including Magiran, PubMed, Wiley, Science Direct, web of Sciences, SID, Scopus, and Google Scholar were done from 1970 to 2022. Relevant articles were identified, and the most important and valuable points were presented after review.
Results: According to the findings of most studies, aluminium phosphide pills had the most adverse effects as toxic substances.
Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of its consumption among young people with low education levels, there was a need for physicians to treat these patients as quickly as possible accurately. It is also necessary to raise awareness about its potentially dangerous side effects and to monitor closely the distribution of this poisonous pill in its distribution centers. Moreover, the quick start of supportive treatment with antioxidants and L-carnitine can help in this poisoning that does not have a specific antidote. Very effective and useful. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e59961289f1949fa8b2c04ed73c3e798 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2345-3907 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Novelty in Biomedicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-e59961289f1949fa8b2c04ed73c3e7982025-01-20T05:02:54ZengShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesNovelty in Biomedicine2345-39072024-09-0112410.22037/nbm.v12i4.4469034577A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide PoisoningKhadijeh Saravani0Anahita Alizadeh Ghamsari1Bita Dadpour2Alireza Ghassemi Toussi3Seyed Reza Mousavi4Farah Pouramiri51Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran2 Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran3 Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran2 Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran3 Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran3 Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University Medical Sciences Mashhad, IranBackground: Various fumigant products containing aluminium phosphide, known as rice pills, are widely used to kill insects in many parts of Iran, including the northern provinces. Poisoning with zinc phosphide as a rat poison also has the same side effects as aluminium phosphide. This poisoning has no specific antidote, and the treatment is auxiliary, and one of the effective auxiliary treatments is L-carnitine. This review study aimed to determine the prevalence of aluminium phosphide poisoning and treatment with intravenous L-carnitine. Materials and Methods: This study was a narrative review conducted in 2023. Search keywords aluminium phosphide, zinc phosphide, intravenous L-carnitine, and poisoning in Persian and English languages in databases including Magiran, PubMed, Wiley, Science Direct, web of Sciences, SID, Scopus, and Google Scholar were done from 1970 to 2022. Relevant articles were identified, and the most important and valuable points were presented after review. Results: According to the findings of most studies, aluminium phosphide pills had the most adverse effects as toxic substances. Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of its consumption among young people with low education levels, there was a need for physicians to treat these patients as quickly as possible accurately. It is also necessary to raise awareness about its potentially dangerous side effects and to monitor closely the distribution of this poisonous pill in its distribution centers. Moreover, the quick start of supportive treatment with antioxidants and L-carnitine can help in this poisoning that does not have a specific antidote. Very effective and useful.https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/nbm/article/view/44690aluminium phosphidezinc phosphidel-carnitinepoisoning |
| spellingShingle | Khadijeh Saravani Anahita Alizadeh Ghamsari Bita Dadpour Alireza Ghassemi Toussi Seyed Reza Mousavi Farah Pouramiri A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning Novelty in Biomedicine aluminium phosphide zinc phosphide l-carnitine poisoning |
| title | A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning |
| title_full | A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning |
| title_fullStr | A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning |
| title_short | A Review on Complications and Management of Aluminium Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Zinc Phosphide Poisoning |
| title_sort | review on complications and management of aluminium phosphide rice pill and zinc phosphide poisoning |
| topic | aluminium phosphide zinc phosphide l-carnitine poisoning |
| url | https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/nbm/article/view/44690 |
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