Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics

Oleogels (organogels) are systems resembling a solid substance based on the gelation of organic solvents (oil or non-polar liquid) through components of low molecular weight or oil-soluble polymers. Such compounds are organogelators that produce a thermoreversible three-dimensional gel network that...

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Main Authors: Anna Łętocha, Małgorzata Miastkowska, Elżbieta Sikora, Alicja Michalczyk, Marta Liszka-Skoczylas, Mariusz Witczak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Molecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5984
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author Anna Łętocha
Małgorzata Miastkowska
Elżbieta Sikora
Alicja Michalczyk
Marta Liszka-Skoczylas
Mariusz Witczak
author_facet Anna Łętocha
Małgorzata Miastkowska
Elżbieta Sikora
Alicja Michalczyk
Marta Liszka-Skoczylas
Mariusz Witczak
author_sort Anna Łętocha
collection DOAJ
description Oleogels (organogels) are systems resembling a solid substance based on the gelation of organic solvents (oil or non-polar liquid) through components of low molecular weight or oil-soluble polymers. Such compounds are organogelators that produce a thermoreversible three-dimensional gel network that captures liquid organic solvents. Oleogels based on natural oils are attracting more attention due to their numerous advantages, such as their unsaturated fatty acid contents, ease of preparation, and safety of use. As a result of the research, two oleogels were developed, into which freeze-dried alginate carriers with a probiotic, <i>L. casei</i>, were incorporated. Two techniques were used to produce probiotic-loaded capsules—extrusion and emulsification. Alginate beads obtained by the extrusion process have a size of approximately 1.2 mm, while much smaller microspheres were obtained using the emulsification technique, ranging in size from 8 to 17 µm. The trehalose was added as a cryoprotectant to improve the survival rate of probiotics in freeze-dried alginate carriers. The encapsulation efficiency for both of the methods applied, the emulsification and the extrusion technique, was high, with levels of 90% and 87%, respectively. The obtained results showed that the production method of probiotic-loaded microspheres influence the bacterial viability. The better strain survival in the developed systems was achieved in the case of microspheres produced by the emulsification (reduction in bacterial cell viability in the range of 1.98–3.97 log in silica oleogel and 2.15–3.81 log in sucragel oleogel after 7 and 30 days of storage) than by the extrusion technique (after a week and a month of oleogel storage, the decrease in cell viability was 2.52–4.52 log in silica oleogel and 2.48–4.44 log in sucragel oleogel).
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spelling doaj-art-e586e265b0284aef98636f2e9853df232025-08-20T02:01:15ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-12-012924598410.3390/molecules29245984Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in CosmeticsAnna Łętocha0Małgorzata Miastkowska1Elżbieta Sikora2Alicja Michalczyk3Marta Liszka-Skoczylas4Mariusz Witczak5Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 31-155 Cracow, PolandCracow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 31-155 Cracow, PolandCracow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 31-155 Cracow, PolandLukasiewicz—Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, 03-236 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Engineering and Machinery for Food Industry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka Street 122, 30-149 Cracow, PolandDepartment of Engineering and Machinery for Food Industry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka Street 122, 30-149 Cracow, PolandOleogels (organogels) are systems resembling a solid substance based on the gelation of organic solvents (oil or non-polar liquid) through components of low molecular weight or oil-soluble polymers. Such compounds are organogelators that produce a thermoreversible three-dimensional gel network that captures liquid organic solvents. Oleogels based on natural oils are attracting more attention due to their numerous advantages, such as their unsaturated fatty acid contents, ease of preparation, and safety of use. As a result of the research, two oleogels were developed, into which freeze-dried alginate carriers with a probiotic, <i>L. casei</i>, were incorporated. Two techniques were used to produce probiotic-loaded capsules—extrusion and emulsification. Alginate beads obtained by the extrusion process have a size of approximately 1.2 mm, while much smaller microspheres were obtained using the emulsification technique, ranging in size from 8 to 17 µm. The trehalose was added as a cryoprotectant to improve the survival rate of probiotics in freeze-dried alginate carriers. The encapsulation efficiency for both of the methods applied, the emulsification and the extrusion technique, was high, with levels of 90% and 87%, respectively. The obtained results showed that the production method of probiotic-loaded microspheres influence the bacterial viability. The better strain survival in the developed systems was achieved in the case of microspheres produced by the emulsification (reduction in bacterial cell viability in the range of 1.98–3.97 log in silica oleogel and 2.15–3.81 log in sucragel oleogel after 7 and 30 days of storage) than by the extrusion technique (after a week and a month of oleogel storage, the decrease in cell viability was 2.52–4.52 log in silica oleogel and 2.48–4.44 log in sucragel oleogel).https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5984oleogelsprobioticsalginate microspheresbeadscarriershybrid systems
spellingShingle Anna Łętocha
Małgorzata Miastkowska
Elżbieta Sikora
Alicja Michalczyk
Marta Liszka-Skoczylas
Mariusz Witczak
Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
Molecules
oleogels
probiotics
alginate microspheres
beads
carriers
hybrid systems
title Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
title_full Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
title_fullStr Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
title_full_unstemmed Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
title_short Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics
title_sort hybrid systems of oleogels and probiotic loaded alginate carriers for potential application in cosmetics
topic oleogels
probiotics
alginate microspheres
beads
carriers
hybrid systems
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5984
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AT alicjamichalczyk hybridsystemsofoleogelsandprobioticloadedalginatecarriersforpotentialapplicationincosmetics
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