Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms

This research article describes the frequency regulation of an interconnected power system that includes wind energy systems and thermal non-reheat systems, with a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller optimized using metaheuristic algorithms such as Genetic-Algorithm (GA), Harmony-Searc...

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Main Authors: Shahnawaj Shahnawaj, Saurabh Chanana, Ravinder Singh Bhatia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: OICC Press 2023-06-01
Series:Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering
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Online Access:https://oiccpress.com/mjee/article/view/5000
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author Shahnawaj Shahnawaj
Saurabh Chanana
Ravinder Singh Bhatia
author_facet Shahnawaj Shahnawaj
Saurabh Chanana
Ravinder Singh Bhatia
author_sort Shahnawaj Shahnawaj
collection DOAJ
description This research article describes the frequency regulation of an interconnected power system that includes wind energy systems and thermal non-reheat systems, with a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller optimized using metaheuristic algorithms such as Genetic-Algorithm (GA), Harmony-Search-Algorithm (HSA), Bat-Algorithm (BA), and Flower-Pollination-Algorithm (FPA). With the demand for precisely efficient energy systems growing, system engineers are increasingly looking for the finely optimized control solution that also has the benefit of faster convergence and avoids entrapment in local minimal. To minimize the fitness function which is based on ITAE (Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error) criteria composed of frequency and tie-line power changes, we have obtained an optimum solution in terms of PID controller gain values using the metaheuristics optimizing techniques. Change in frequency in area 1, deviation in tie-line power, and change in frequency in area 2 obtained from different techniques are compared. The results obtained by simulating MATLAB/Simulink convey that PID controller gain values optimized using the HSA technique provide better dynamic performance compared to BA, FPA and GA techniques. The simulation results have been experimentally validated using hardware-in-loop (HIL) on a real-time simulator based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The HSA optimized PID controller is used to investigate the robustness of the system by Step-Load-Perturbation (SLP) and Random Step Load Pattern (RSLP). Results obtained by running simulation also show that the HSA optimized PID controller for the same optimized gain value can withstand the SLP and RSLP variation made in the system.
format Article
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issn 2345-377X
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publishDate 2023-06-01
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series Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering
spelling doaj-art-e580393f08794323a25ce3324d5e17282025-08-20T03:03:54ZengOICC PressMajlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering2345-377X2345-37962023-06-0117210.30486/mjee.2023.1970217.0Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic AlgorithmsShahnawaj Shahnawaj0Saurabh Chanana1Ravinder Singh Bhatia2Electrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IndiaElectrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IndiaElectrical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IndiaThis research article describes the frequency regulation of an interconnected power system that includes wind energy systems and thermal non-reheat systems, with a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller optimized using metaheuristic algorithms such as Genetic-Algorithm (GA), Harmony-Search-Algorithm (HSA), Bat-Algorithm (BA), and Flower-Pollination-Algorithm (FPA). With the demand for precisely efficient energy systems growing, system engineers are increasingly looking for the finely optimized control solution that also has the benefit of faster convergence and avoids entrapment in local minimal. To minimize the fitness function which is based on ITAE (Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error) criteria composed of frequency and tie-line power changes, we have obtained an optimum solution in terms of PID controller gain values using the metaheuristics optimizing techniques. Change in frequency in area 1, deviation in tie-line power, and change in frequency in area 2 obtained from different techniques are compared. The results obtained by simulating MATLAB/Simulink convey that PID controller gain values optimized using the HSA technique provide better dynamic performance compared to BA, FPA and GA techniques. The simulation results have been experimentally validated using hardware-in-loop (HIL) on a real-time simulator based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The HSA optimized PID controller is used to investigate the robustness of the system by Step-Load-Perturbation (SLP) and Random Step Load Pattern (RSLP). Results obtained by running simulation also show that the HSA optimized PID controller for the same optimized gain value can withstand the SLP and RSLP variation made in the system.https://oiccpress.com/mjee/article/view/5000Bat-Algorithm (BA)Flower-Pollination-Algorithm (FPA)Harmony-Search-Algorithm (HSA)Load-Frequency-Control (LFC)Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID). Hardware in Loop (HIL)
spellingShingle Shahnawaj Shahnawaj
Saurabh Chanana
Ravinder Singh Bhatia
Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering
Bat-Algorithm (BA)
Flower-Pollination-Algorithm (FPA)
Harmony-Search-Algorithm (HSA)
Load-Frequency-Control (LFC)
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID). Hardware in Loop (HIL)
title Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
title_full Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
title_fullStr Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
title_full_unstemmed Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
title_short Improved Frequency Regulation in Microgrids using Metaheuristic Algorithms
title_sort improved frequency regulation in microgrids using metaheuristic algorithms
topic Bat-Algorithm (BA)
Flower-Pollination-Algorithm (FPA)
Harmony-Search-Algorithm (HSA)
Load-Frequency-Control (LFC)
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID). Hardware in Loop (HIL)
url https://oiccpress.com/mjee/article/view/5000
work_keys_str_mv AT shahnawajshahnawaj improvedfrequencyregulationinmicrogridsusingmetaheuristicalgorithms
AT saurabhchanana improvedfrequencyregulationinmicrogridsusingmetaheuristicalgorithms
AT ravindersinghbhatia improvedfrequencyregulationinmicrogridsusingmetaheuristicalgorithms