Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands

Abstract Allosteric transcription factors (aTF) regulate gene expression through conformational changes induced by small molecule binding. Although widely used as biosensors, aTFs have proven challenging to design for detecting new molecules because mutation of ligand-binding residues often disrupts...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kyle K. Nishikawa, Jackie Chen, Justin F. Acheson, Svetlana V. Harbaugh, Phil Huss, Max Frenkel, Naia Novy, Hailey R. Sieren, Ella C. Lodewyk, Daniel H. Lee, Jorge L. Chávez, Brian G. Fox, Srivatsan Raman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54260-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849764085658288128
author Kyle K. Nishikawa
Jackie Chen
Justin F. Acheson
Svetlana V. Harbaugh
Phil Huss
Max Frenkel
Naia Novy
Hailey R. Sieren
Ella C. Lodewyk
Daniel H. Lee
Jorge L. Chávez
Brian G. Fox
Srivatsan Raman
author_facet Kyle K. Nishikawa
Jackie Chen
Justin F. Acheson
Svetlana V. Harbaugh
Phil Huss
Max Frenkel
Naia Novy
Hailey R. Sieren
Ella C. Lodewyk
Daniel H. Lee
Jorge L. Chávez
Brian G. Fox
Srivatsan Raman
author_sort Kyle K. Nishikawa
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Allosteric transcription factors (aTF) regulate gene expression through conformational changes induced by small molecule binding. Although widely used as biosensors, aTFs have proven challenging to design for detecting new molecules because mutation of ligand-binding residues often disrupts allostery. Here, we develop Sensor-seq, a high-throughput platform to design and identify aTF biosensors that bind to non-native ligands. We screen a library of 17,737 variants of the aTF TtgR, a regulator of a multidrug exporter, against six non-native ligands of diverse chemical structures – four derivatives of the cancer therapeutic tamoxifen, the antimalarial drug quinine, and the opiate analog naltrexone – as well as two native flavonoid ligands, naringenin and phloretin. Sensor-seq identifies biosensors for each of these ligands with high dynamic range and diverse specificity profiles. The structure of a naltrexone-bound design shows shape-complementary methionine-aromatic interactions driving ligand specificity. To demonstrate practical utility, we develop cell-free detection systems for naltrexone and quinine. Sensor-seq enables rapid and scalable design of new biosensors, overcoming constraints of natural biosensors.
format Article
id doaj-art-e57ca63a79324d18b5975ab02734cb1b
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-e57ca63a79324d18b5975ab02734cb1b2025-08-20T03:05:14ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-11-0115111810.1038/s41467-024-54260-8Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligandsKyle K. Nishikawa0Jackie Chen1Justin F. Acheson2Svetlana V. Harbaugh3Phil Huss4Max Frenkel5Naia Novy6Hailey R. Sieren7Ella C. Lodewyk8Daniel H. Lee9Jorge L. Chávez10Brian G. Fox11Srivatsan Raman12Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research LaboratoryDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research LaboratoryDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-MadisonAbstract Allosteric transcription factors (aTF) regulate gene expression through conformational changes induced by small molecule binding. Although widely used as biosensors, aTFs have proven challenging to design for detecting new molecules because mutation of ligand-binding residues often disrupts allostery. Here, we develop Sensor-seq, a high-throughput platform to design and identify aTF biosensors that bind to non-native ligands. We screen a library of 17,737 variants of the aTF TtgR, a regulator of a multidrug exporter, against six non-native ligands of diverse chemical structures – four derivatives of the cancer therapeutic tamoxifen, the antimalarial drug quinine, and the opiate analog naltrexone – as well as two native flavonoid ligands, naringenin and phloretin. Sensor-seq identifies biosensors for each of these ligands with high dynamic range and diverse specificity profiles. The structure of a naltrexone-bound design shows shape-complementary methionine-aromatic interactions driving ligand specificity. To demonstrate practical utility, we develop cell-free detection systems for naltrexone and quinine. Sensor-seq enables rapid and scalable design of new biosensors, overcoming constraints of natural biosensors.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54260-8
spellingShingle Kyle K. Nishikawa
Jackie Chen
Justin F. Acheson
Svetlana V. Harbaugh
Phil Huss
Max Frenkel
Naia Novy
Hailey R. Sieren
Ella C. Lodewyk
Daniel H. Lee
Jorge L. Chávez
Brian G. Fox
Srivatsan Raman
Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
Nature Communications
title Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
title_full Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
title_fullStr Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
title_full_unstemmed Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
title_short Highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
title_sort highly multiplexed design of an allosteric transcription factor to sense new ligands
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54260-8
work_keys_str_mv AT kyleknishikawa highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT jackiechen highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT justinfacheson highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT svetlanavharbaugh highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT philhuss highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT maxfrenkel highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT naianovy highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT haileyrsieren highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT ellaclodewyk highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT danielhlee highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT jorgelchavez highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT briangfox highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands
AT srivatsanraman highlymultiplexeddesignofanallosterictranscriptionfactortosensenewligands