LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification
This paper proposes a long range-frequency hopping spread spectrum (LR-FHSS) transceiver design for the Direct-to-Satellite Internet of Things (DtS-IoT) communication system. The DtS-IoT system has recently attracted attention as a promising non-terrestrial network (NTN) solution to provide high-tra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11062698/ |
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| author | Sooyeob Jung Seongah Jeong Jinkyu Kang Gyeongrae Im Sangjae Lee Mi-Kyung Oh Joon Gyu Ryu Joonhyuk Kang |
| author_facet | Sooyeob Jung Seongah Jeong Jinkyu Kang Gyeongrae Im Sangjae Lee Mi-Kyung Oh Joon Gyu Ryu Joonhyuk Kang |
| author_sort | Sooyeob Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper proposes a long range-frequency hopping spread spectrum (LR-FHSS) transceiver design for the Direct-to-Satellite Internet of Things (DtS-IoT) communication system. The DtS-IoT system has recently attracted attention as a promising non-terrestrial network (NTN) solution to provide high-traffic and delay-tolerant data transfer services, such as wide-area situational awareness (WASA) in smart grids and car share management in automotive applications, to IoT devices in global coverage. In particular, this study provides guidelines for the overall DtS-IoT system architecture and design details that conform to the Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN). Furthermore, we also detail various DtS-IoT use cases. Considering low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, we develop the LR-FHSS transceiver to improve system efficiency, which is a leading attempt to build practical satellite communication systems using LR-FHSS, excluding commercial products. Moreover, we apply a robust synchronization scheme against the Doppler effect and co-channel interference (CCI) caused by LEO satellite channel environments, including signal detection for the simultaneous reception of numerous frequency hopping signals and an enhanced soft-output-Viterbi-algorithm (SOVA) for the header and payload receptions. Lastly, we present proof-of-concept implementation and testbeds using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chipset and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that verify the performance of the proposed LR-FHSS transceiver design of DtS-IoT communication systems. The laboratory test results reveal that the proposed LR-FHSS-based framework with the robust synchronization technique can provide wide coverage, seamless connectivity, and high-throughput communication links for the realization of future satellite communication networks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5747600c4b6446c8bc478b7aaf988a5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2644-1330 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5747600c4b6446c8bc478b7aaf988a52025-08-20T03:55:48ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology2644-13302025-01-0161920194210.1109/OJVT.2025.358516011062698LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and VerificationSooyeob Jung0Seongah Jeong1Jinkyu Kang2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6111-937XGyeongrae Im3Sangjae Lee4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2081-5891Mi-Kyung Oh5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-8625Joon Gyu Ryu6Joonhyuk Kang7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-3742School of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South KoreaSchool of Advanced Fusion Studies, University of Seoul, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Information and Communications Engineering, Myongji University, Gyeonggi-do, South KoreaSatellite Communication Infra Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South KoreaSatellite Communication Infra Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South KoreaSatellite Communication Infra Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South KoreaSatellite Communication Infra Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South KoreaThis paper proposes a long range-frequency hopping spread spectrum (LR-FHSS) transceiver design for the Direct-to-Satellite Internet of Things (DtS-IoT) communication system. The DtS-IoT system has recently attracted attention as a promising non-terrestrial network (NTN) solution to provide high-traffic and delay-tolerant data transfer services, such as wide-area situational awareness (WASA) in smart grids and car share management in automotive applications, to IoT devices in global coverage. In particular, this study provides guidelines for the overall DtS-IoT system architecture and design details that conform to the Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN). Furthermore, we also detail various DtS-IoT use cases. Considering low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, we develop the LR-FHSS transceiver to improve system efficiency, which is a leading attempt to build practical satellite communication systems using LR-FHSS, excluding commercial products. Moreover, we apply a robust synchronization scheme against the Doppler effect and co-channel interference (CCI) caused by LEO satellite channel environments, including signal detection for the simultaneous reception of numerous frequency hopping signals and an enhanced soft-output-Viterbi-algorithm (SOVA) for the header and payload receptions. Lastly, we present proof-of-concept implementation and testbeds using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chipset and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that verify the performance of the proposed LR-FHSS transceiver design of DtS-IoT communication systems. The laboratory test results reveal that the proposed LR-FHSS-based framework with the robust synchronization technique can provide wide coverage, seamless connectivity, and high-throughput communication links for the realization of future satellite communication networks.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11062698/DtS-IoTdetectionLEO satelliteLR-FHSS transceiversynchronization |
| spellingShingle | Sooyeob Jung Seongah Jeong Jinkyu Kang Gyeongrae Im Sangjae Lee Mi-Kyung Oh Joon Gyu Ryu Joonhyuk Kang LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology DtS-IoT detection LEO satellite LR-FHSS transceiver synchronization |
| title | LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification |
| title_full | LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification |
| title_fullStr | LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification |
| title_full_unstemmed | LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification |
| title_short | LR-FHSS Transceiver for Direct-to-Satellite IoT Communications: Design, Implementation, and Verification |
| title_sort | lr fhss transceiver for direct to satellite iot communications design implementation and verification |
| topic | DtS-IoT detection LEO satellite LR-FHSS transceiver synchronization |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11062698/ |
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