Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument

Abstract Glass transition temperature (Tg) is a critical property of polymers that determines their service temperature. Various methods, such as differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermal dilation analysis (TDA), are commonly...

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Main Authors: Yuanbin Qin, Zhen Wang, Chao Ma, Qinqin Fu, Pengcheng Zhang, Xiaohua Cheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-08-01
Series:Discover Polymers
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44347-025-00028-2
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author Yuanbin Qin
Zhen Wang
Chao Ma
Qinqin Fu
Pengcheng Zhang
Xiaohua Cheng
author_facet Yuanbin Qin
Zhen Wang
Chao Ma
Qinqin Fu
Pengcheng Zhang
Xiaohua Cheng
author_sort Yuanbin Qin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Glass transition temperature (Tg) is a critical property of polymers that determines their service temperature. Various methods, such as differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermal dilation analysis (TDA), are commonly used to measure Tg. Large discrepancies often arise due to differences in test conditions, sample sizes, Tg definition, and temperature calibration errors. These inconsistencies make it difficult for researchers to compare results and communicate effectively. To address this issue, an innovative approach by performing TDA, DMA, and TMA on the same nanomechanical test instrument was introduced. This approach measures the Tg of epoxy resin at microscale, eliminating errors from inter-instrument temperature discrepancies. Our results demonstrate that the Tg values obtained by different methods are practically the same when appropriate Tg definition, effective sample size and test conditions are applied. This approach will have a significant impact on polymer research.
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issn 3004-9377
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publishDate 2025-08-01
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series Discover Polymers
spelling doaj-art-e5665ebba4a44e48be9f525917dac7592025-08-20T03:05:29ZengSpringerDiscover Polymers3004-93772025-08-012111010.1007/s44347-025-00028-2Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrumentYuanbin Qin0Zhen Wang1Chao Ma2Qinqin Fu3Pengcheng Zhang4Xiaohua Cheng5Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityDepartment of Physics, University of Science and Technology of ChinaCenter for High Resolution Electron Microscopy, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan UniversityCenter for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityCenter for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityCenter for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityAbstract Glass transition temperature (Tg) is a critical property of polymers that determines their service temperature. Various methods, such as differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermal dilation analysis (TDA), are commonly used to measure Tg. Large discrepancies often arise due to differences in test conditions, sample sizes, Tg definition, and temperature calibration errors. These inconsistencies make it difficult for researchers to compare results and communicate effectively. To address this issue, an innovative approach by performing TDA, DMA, and TMA on the same nanomechanical test instrument was introduced. This approach measures the Tg of epoxy resin at microscale, eliminating errors from inter-instrument temperature discrepancies. Our results demonstrate that the Tg values obtained by different methods are practically the same when appropriate Tg definition, effective sample size and test conditions are applied. This approach will have a significant impact on polymer research.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44347-025-00028-2Glass transition temperatureEpoxy resinThermal dilation analysisDynamic mechanical analysisThermomechanical analysis
spellingShingle Yuanbin Qin
Zhen Wang
Chao Ma
Qinqin Fu
Pengcheng Zhang
Xiaohua Cheng
Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
Discover Polymers
Glass transition temperature
Epoxy resin
Thermal dilation analysis
Dynamic mechanical analysis
Thermomechanical analysis
title Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
title_full Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
title_fullStr Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
title_full_unstemmed Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
title_short Consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
title_sort consistent glass transition temperature of epoxy resin by three different test methods on the same nanomechanical test instrument
topic Glass transition temperature
Epoxy resin
Thermal dilation analysis
Dynamic mechanical analysis
Thermomechanical analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44347-025-00028-2
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