Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale.
The relative impact of top-down control by herbivores and bottom-up control by environmental conditions on vegetation is a subject of debate in ecology. In this study, we hypothesize that top-down control by goose foraging and bottom-up control by sediment accretion on vegetation composition within...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169960&type=printable |
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| author | Kelly Elschot Anke Vermeulen Wouter Vandenbruwaene Jan P Bakker Tjeerd J Bouma Julia Stahl Henk Castelijns Stijn Temmerman |
| author_facet | Kelly Elschot Anke Vermeulen Wouter Vandenbruwaene Jan P Bakker Tjeerd J Bouma Julia Stahl Henk Castelijns Stijn Temmerman |
| author_sort | Kelly Elschot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The relative impact of top-down control by herbivores and bottom-up control by environmental conditions on vegetation is a subject of debate in ecology. In this study, we hypothesize that top-down control by goose foraging and bottom-up control by sediment accretion on vegetation composition within an ecosystem can co-occur but operate at different spatial and temporal scales. We used a highly dynamic marsh system with a large population of the Greylag goose (Anser anser) to investigate the potential importance of spatial and temporal scales on these processes. At the local scale, Greylag geese grub for below-ground storage organs of the vegetation, thereby creating bare patches of a few square metres within the marsh vegetation. In our study, such activities by Greylag geese allowed them to exert top-down control by setting back vegetation succession. However, we found that the patches reverted back to the initial vegetation type within 12 years. At large spatial (i.e. several square kilometres) and temporal scales (i.e. decades), high rates of sediment accretion surpassing the rate of local sea-level rise were found to drive long-term vegetation succession and increased cover of several climax vegetation types. In summary, we conclude that the vegetation composition within this tidal marsh was primarily controlled by the bottom-up factor of sediment accretion, which operates at large spatial as well as temporal scales. Top-down control exerted by herbivores was found to be a secondary process and operated at much smaller spatial and temporal scales. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e558ea0d071a4f60a57261840c1e8971 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-e558ea0d071a4f60a57261840c1e89712025-08-20T02:46:02ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01122e016996010.1371/journal.pone.0169960Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale.Kelly ElschotAnke VermeulenWouter VandenbruwaeneJan P BakkerTjeerd J BoumaJulia StahlHenk CastelijnsStijn TemmermanThe relative impact of top-down control by herbivores and bottom-up control by environmental conditions on vegetation is a subject of debate in ecology. In this study, we hypothesize that top-down control by goose foraging and bottom-up control by sediment accretion on vegetation composition within an ecosystem can co-occur but operate at different spatial and temporal scales. We used a highly dynamic marsh system with a large population of the Greylag goose (Anser anser) to investigate the potential importance of spatial and temporal scales on these processes. At the local scale, Greylag geese grub for below-ground storage organs of the vegetation, thereby creating bare patches of a few square metres within the marsh vegetation. In our study, such activities by Greylag geese allowed them to exert top-down control by setting back vegetation succession. However, we found that the patches reverted back to the initial vegetation type within 12 years. At large spatial (i.e. several square kilometres) and temporal scales (i.e. decades), high rates of sediment accretion surpassing the rate of local sea-level rise were found to drive long-term vegetation succession and increased cover of several climax vegetation types. In summary, we conclude that the vegetation composition within this tidal marsh was primarily controlled by the bottom-up factor of sediment accretion, which operates at large spatial as well as temporal scales. Top-down control exerted by herbivores was found to be a secondary process and operated at much smaller spatial and temporal scales.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169960&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Kelly Elschot Anke Vermeulen Wouter Vandenbruwaene Jan P Bakker Tjeerd J Bouma Julia Stahl Henk Castelijns Stijn Temmerman Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. PLoS ONE |
| title | Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. |
| title_full | Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. |
| title_fullStr | Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. |
| title_short | Top-down vs. bottom-up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale. |
| title_sort | top down vs bottom up control on vegetation composition in a tidal marsh depends on scale |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0169960&type=printable |
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