Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, affecting over 8.5 million people as of 2019. While standard pharmacological treatments help alleviate symptoms, their long-term use can lead to side effects such as dyskinesia. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) invol...

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Main Authors: Hyein Jeong, Kyeong Han Kim, Seong-gyu Ko
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Toxins
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/4/204
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author Hyein Jeong
Kyeong Han Kim
Seong-gyu Ko
author_facet Hyein Jeong
Kyeong Han Kim
Seong-gyu Ko
author_sort Hyein Jeong
collection DOAJ
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, affecting over 8.5 million people as of 2019. While standard pharmacological treatments help alleviate symptoms, their long-term use can lead to side effects such as dyskinesia. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) involves the use of a natural toxin derived from bees that can be used for pain relief and treating neurological disorders. This study aimed to review the efficacy and safety of BVA for the treatment of PD. This review protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251000577). We searched eight databases in February 2025 and selected 12 studies involving 215 PD patients treated with BVA. Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) is the most common diagnosis. The concentration and dosage per session ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 mg/mL and from 0.1 to 1.0 mL, respectively. Twenty-four different outcome measures were used, with the Unified PD Rating Scale employed in 91.7% of the studies. All studies reported improvements in outcomes. Mild adverse effects such as swelling and itching were noted in four studies (33.3%); however, no severe reactions such as anaphylactic shock occurred. These findings suggest that BVA has the potential for broader clinical applications in the treatment of PD.
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spelling doaj-art-e54a72478c2748a4a59414e87d16272e2025-08-20T03:13:48ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512025-04-0117420410.3390/toxins17040204Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic ReviewHyein Jeong0Kyeong Han Kim1Seong-gyu Ko2Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 55338, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02446, Republic of KoreaParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, affecting over 8.5 million people as of 2019. While standard pharmacological treatments help alleviate symptoms, their long-term use can lead to side effects such as dyskinesia. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) involves the use of a natural toxin derived from bees that can be used for pain relief and treating neurological disorders. This study aimed to review the efficacy and safety of BVA for the treatment of PD. This review protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251000577). We searched eight databases in February 2025 and selected 12 studies involving 215 PD patients treated with BVA. Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) is the most common diagnosis. The concentration and dosage per session ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 mg/mL and from 0.1 to 1.0 mL, respectively. Twenty-four different outcome measures were used, with the Unified PD Rating Scale employed in 91.7% of the studies. All studies reported improvements in outcomes. Mild adverse effects such as swelling and itching were noted in four studies (33.3%); however, no severe reactions such as anaphylactic shock occurred. These findings suggest that BVA has the potential for broader clinical applications in the treatment of PD.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/4/204Parkinson’s diseasebee venombee venom acupuncturesystematic review
spellingShingle Hyein Jeong
Kyeong Han Kim
Seong-gyu Ko
Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Toxins
Parkinson’s disease
bee venom
bee venom acupuncture
systematic review
title Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
title_full Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
title_short Effectiveness of Bee Venom Injection for Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
title_sort effectiveness of bee venom injection for parkinson s disease a systematic review
topic Parkinson’s disease
bee venom
bee venom acupuncture
systematic review
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/4/204
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