Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the force-velocity (F-V) profile and 30-metres sprint times of youth football players over a competitive season and across different age groups. Sixty-four players were categorized into five age groups (Under-10 (U10), Under-12 (U1...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89501-3 |
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| author | Antonio Hernandez-Martin Jorge Garcia-Unanue Fabio R. Serpiello Antonio Alonso-Callejo Jose Luis Felipe Leonor Gallardo Javier Sanchez-Sanchez |
| author_facet | Antonio Hernandez-Martin Jorge Garcia-Unanue Fabio R. Serpiello Antonio Alonso-Callejo Jose Luis Felipe Leonor Gallardo Javier Sanchez-Sanchez |
| author_sort | Antonio Hernandez-Martin |
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| description | Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the force-velocity (F-V) profile and 30-metres sprint times of youth football players over a competitive season and across different age groups. Sixty-four players were categorized into five age groups (Under-10 (U10), Under-12 (U12), Under-14 (U14), Under-16 (U16), Under-18 (U18)) and assessed at three time points during the season: the pre-season (P1), mid-season (P2), and end season (P3) using GNSS/GPS technology. Results showed that the theoretical maximum force (F0) increased by the end of the season compared to the baseline in U14, U16, and U18 (p < 0.05; ES: 1.92–5.19) and was also higher at the end compared to mid-season in U14 players (p < 0.05; ES: 3.01). The theoretical maximum velocity (V0) was significantly higher at the end of the season compared to the baseline in U12 (p < 0.05; ES: 2.61) and mid-season in U12 and U16 players (p < 0.05; ES: 1.70–2.37). U10 and U12 showed lower F0 and V0 values compared to older players across all periods. The study concludes that both the timing of the season and the age influence the F-V profile, with older age groups showing greater improvements. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing training programs tailored to the seasonal changes and age of football. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5476a93a3f9426da1a08286ddef1fcb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5476a93a3f9426da1a08286ddef1fcb2025-08-20T02:12:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-011511710.1038/s41598-025-89501-3Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categoriesAntonio Hernandez-Martin0Jorge Garcia-Unanue1Fabio R. Serpiello2Antonio Alonso-Callejo3Jose Luis Felipe4Leonor Gallardo5Javier Sanchez-Sanchez6Deparment of Sports Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports, Universidad Europea de MadridIGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Health Medical and Applied Sciences, Human Exercise and Training Lab, Central Queensland UniversityIGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaIGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaIGOID Research Group, Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaDeparment of Sports Sciences. Faculty of Medicine, Health and Sports, Universidad Europea de MadridAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the force-velocity (F-V) profile and 30-metres sprint times of youth football players over a competitive season and across different age groups. Sixty-four players were categorized into five age groups (Under-10 (U10), Under-12 (U12), Under-14 (U14), Under-16 (U16), Under-18 (U18)) and assessed at three time points during the season: the pre-season (P1), mid-season (P2), and end season (P3) using GNSS/GPS technology. Results showed that the theoretical maximum force (F0) increased by the end of the season compared to the baseline in U14, U16, and U18 (p < 0.05; ES: 1.92–5.19) and was also higher at the end compared to mid-season in U14 players (p < 0.05; ES: 3.01). The theoretical maximum velocity (V0) was significantly higher at the end of the season compared to the baseline in U12 (p < 0.05; ES: 2.61) and mid-season in U12 and U16 players (p < 0.05; ES: 1.70–2.37). U10 and U12 showed lower F0 and V0 values compared to older players across all periods. The study concludes that both the timing of the season and the age influence the F-V profile, with older age groups showing greater improvements. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing training programs tailored to the seasonal changes and age of football.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89501-3FootballForceVelocityGNSS/GPSYoung |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Hernandez-Martin Jorge Garcia-Unanue Fabio R. Serpiello Antonio Alonso-Callejo Jose Luis Felipe Leonor Gallardo Javier Sanchez-Sanchez Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories Scientific Reports Football Force Velocity GNSS/GPS Young |
| title | Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories |
| title_full | Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories |
| title_short | Seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of Spanish youth football players across age categories |
| title_sort | seasonal changes in the force velocity sprint profile of spanish youth football players across age categories |
| topic | Football Force Velocity GNSS/GPS Young |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89501-3 |
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