Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach

Abstract This study investigates the influence of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on university students’ learning outcomes, employing a technology-mediated learning perspective. We developed and empirically tested an integrated model, grounded in interaction theory and technology-mediated...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yun Bai, Shaofeng Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08697-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849238655680380928
author Yun Bai
Shaofeng Wang
author_facet Yun Bai
Shaofeng Wang
author_sort Yun Bai
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study investigates the influence of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on university students’ learning outcomes, employing a technology-mediated learning perspective. We developed and empirically tested an integrated model, grounded in interaction theory and technology-mediated learning theory, to examine the relationships between GAI interaction quality, GAI output quality, and learning outcomes. The model incorporates motivational factors (learning motivation, academic self-efficacy, and creative self-efficacy) as mediators and creative thinking as a moderator. Data from 323 Chinese university students, collected through a two-wave longitudinal survey, revealed that both GAI interaction quality and output quality positively influenced learning motivation and creative self-efficacy. Learning motivation significantly mediated the relationship between GAI output quality and learning outcomes. Furthermore, creative thinking moderated several pathways within the model, with some variations observed across the two time points. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights into the effective integration of GAI tools in higher education, highlighting the importance of both interaction and output quality in optimizing student learning experiences.
format Article
id doaj-art-e54115217e7945d0a18f0d717eb8bf88
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-e54115217e7945d0a18f0d717eb8bf882025-08-20T04:01:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-08697-6Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approachYun Bai0Shaofeng Wang1Engineering Training Center, Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyInternational Business School, Fuzhou University of International Studies and TradeAbstract This study investigates the influence of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on university students’ learning outcomes, employing a technology-mediated learning perspective. We developed and empirically tested an integrated model, grounded in interaction theory and technology-mediated learning theory, to examine the relationships between GAI interaction quality, GAI output quality, and learning outcomes. The model incorporates motivational factors (learning motivation, academic self-efficacy, and creative self-efficacy) as mediators and creative thinking as a moderator. Data from 323 Chinese university students, collected through a two-wave longitudinal survey, revealed that both GAI interaction quality and output quality positively influenced learning motivation and creative self-efficacy. Learning motivation significantly mediated the relationship between GAI output quality and learning outcomes. Furthermore, creative thinking moderated several pathways within the model, with some variations observed across the two time points. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights into the effective integration of GAI tools in higher education, highlighting the importance of both interaction and output quality in optimizing student learning experiences.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08697-6Generative AILearning outcomesHigher educationTechnology-mediated learningMotivationCreative thinking
spellingShingle Yun Bai
Shaofeng Wang
Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
Scientific Reports
Generative AI
Learning outcomes
Higher education
Technology-mediated learning
Motivation
Creative thinking
title Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
title_full Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
title_fullStr Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
title_full_unstemmed Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
title_short Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students’ learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach
title_sort impact of generative ai interaction and output quality on university students learning outcomes a technology mediated and motivation driven approach
topic Generative AI
Learning outcomes
Higher education
Technology-mediated learning
Motivation
Creative thinking
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08697-6
work_keys_str_mv AT yunbai impactofgenerativeaiinteractionandoutputqualityonuniversitystudentslearningoutcomesatechnologymediatedandmotivationdrivenapproach
AT shaofengwang impactofgenerativeaiinteractionandoutputqualityonuniversitystudentslearningoutcomesatechnologymediatedandmotivationdrivenapproach