Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults.
<h4>Background</h4>An IFN-γ response to M. tuberculosis-specific antigens is an effective biomarker for M. tuberculosis infection but it cannot discriminate between latent TB infection and active TB disease. Combining a number of cytokine/chemokine responses to M. tuberculosis antigens m...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079742 |
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| author | Yun-Gyoung Hur Patricia Gorak-Stolinska Anne Ben-Smith Maeve K Lalor Steven Chaguluka Russell Dacombe T Mark Doherty Tom H Ottenhoff Hazel M Dockrell Amelia C Crampin |
| author_facet | Yun-Gyoung Hur Patricia Gorak-Stolinska Anne Ben-Smith Maeve K Lalor Steven Chaguluka Russell Dacombe T Mark Doherty Tom H Ottenhoff Hazel M Dockrell Amelia C Crampin |
| author_sort | Yun-Gyoung Hur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>An IFN-γ response to M. tuberculosis-specific antigens is an effective biomarker for M. tuberculosis infection but it cannot discriminate between latent TB infection and active TB disease. Combining a number of cytokine/chemokine responses to M. tuberculosis antigens may enable differentiation of latent TB from active disease.<h4>Methods</h4>Asymptomatic recently-exposed individuals (spouses of TB patients) were recruited and tuberculin skin tested, bled and followed-up for two years. Culture supernatants, from a six-day culture of diluted whole blood samples stimulated with M. tuberculosis-derived PPD or ESAT-6, were measured for IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α and CXCL10 using cytokine ELISAs. In addition, 15 patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB were recruited and tested.<h4>Results</h4>Spouses with positive IFN-γ responses to M. tuberculosis ESAT-6 (>62.5 pg/mL) and TB patients showed high production of IL-17, CXCL10 and TNF-α. Higher production of IL-10 and IL-17 in response to ESAT-6 was observed in the spouses compared with TB patients while the ratios of IFN-γ/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-17 in response to M. tuberculosis-derived PPD were significantly higher in TB patients compared with the spouses. Tuberculin skin test results did not correlate with cytokine responses.<h4>Conclusions</h4>CXCL10 and TNF-α may be used as adjunct markers alongside an IFN-γ release assay to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection, and IL-17 and IL-10 production may differentiate individuals with LTBI from active TB. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e53d802a4ee04177ae61b6f92bdd9779 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-e53d802a4ee04177ae61b6f92bdd97792025-08-20T03:10:45ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-01811e7974210.1371/journal.pone.0079742Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults.Yun-Gyoung HurPatricia Gorak-StolinskaAnne Ben-SmithMaeve K LalorSteven ChagulukaRussell DacombeT Mark DohertyTom H OttenhoffHazel M DockrellAmelia C Crampin<h4>Background</h4>An IFN-γ response to M. tuberculosis-specific antigens is an effective biomarker for M. tuberculosis infection but it cannot discriminate between latent TB infection and active TB disease. Combining a number of cytokine/chemokine responses to M. tuberculosis antigens may enable differentiation of latent TB from active disease.<h4>Methods</h4>Asymptomatic recently-exposed individuals (spouses of TB patients) were recruited and tuberculin skin tested, bled and followed-up for two years. Culture supernatants, from a six-day culture of diluted whole blood samples stimulated with M. tuberculosis-derived PPD or ESAT-6, were measured for IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α and CXCL10 using cytokine ELISAs. In addition, 15 patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB were recruited and tested.<h4>Results</h4>Spouses with positive IFN-γ responses to M. tuberculosis ESAT-6 (>62.5 pg/mL) and TB patients showed high production of IL-17, CXCL10 and TNF-α. Higher production of IL-10 and IL-17 in response to ESAT-6 was observed in the spouses compared with TB patients while the ratios of IFN-γ/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-17 in response to M. tuberculosis-derived PPD were significantly higher in TB patients compared with the spouses. Tuberculin skin test results did not correlate with cytokine responses.<h4>Conclusions</h4>CXCL10 and TNF-α may be used as adjunct markers alongside an IFN-γ release assay to diagnose M. tuberculosis infection, and IL-17 and IL-10 production may differentiate individuals with LTBI from active TB.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079742 |
| spellingShingle | Yun-Gyoung Hur Patricia Gorak-Stolinska Anne Ben-Smith Maeve K Lalor Steven Chaguluka Russell Dacombe T Mark Doherty Tom H Ottenhoff Hazel M Dockrell Amelia C Crampin Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. PLoS ONE |
| title | Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. |
| title_full | Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. |
| title_fullStr | Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. |
| title_short | Combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent TB and active TB in Malawian adults. |
| title_sort | combination of cytokine responses indicative of latent tb and active tb in malawian adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079742 |
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