“Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis”
Abstract Background Infectious uveitis is a significant cause of visual impairment worldwide, caused by diverse pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Understanding its prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, molecular mechanism, and clinical manifestations is essential for effective...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12348-024-00444-8 |
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| author | Muhammad Arif Asghar Shixin Tang Li Ping Wong Peizeng Yang Qinjian Zhao |
| author_facet | Muhammad Arif Asghar Shixin Tang Li Ping Wong Peizeng Yang Qinjian Zhao |
| author_sort | Muhammad Arif Asghar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Infectious uveitis is a significant cause of visual impairment worldwide, caused by diverse pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Understanding its prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, molecular mechanism, and clinical manifestations is essential for effective diagnosis and management. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, focusing on studies published in the last fifteen years from 2009 to 2023. Keywords included “uveitis,” “infectious uveitis,” “viral uveitis,” and others. Rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and data were synthesized thematically. Gene symbols related to infectious uveitis were analyzed using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and pathway analyses to uncover molecular mechanisms associated with infectious uveitis. Results The search from different databases yielded 97 eligible studies. The review identified a significant rise in publications on infectious uveitis, particularly viral uveitis, over the past fifteen years. Infectious uveitis prevalence varies geographically, with high rates in developing regions due to systemic infections and limited diagnostic resources. Etiologies include viruses (39%), bacteria (17%), and other pathogens, substantially impacting adults aged 20–50 years. Pathogenesis involves complex interactions between infectious agents and the ocular immune response, with key roles for cytokines and chemokines. The PPI network highlighted IFNG, IL6, TNF, and CD4 as central nodes. Enriched pathways included cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and JAK-STAT signaling. Clinical manifestations range from anterior to posterior uveitis, with systemic symptoms often accompanying ocular signs. Diagnostic strategies encompass clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging, while management involves targeted antimicrobial therapy and anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusion This review underscores the complexity of infectious uveitis, driven by diverse pathogens and influenced by various geographical and systemic factors. Molecular insights from PPI networks and pathway analyses provide a deeper understanding of its pathogenesis. Effective management requires comprehensive diagnostic approaches and targeted therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e52c9c6835434ce8a093bdf27b8a5b74 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1869-5760 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection |
| spelling | doaj-art-e52c9c6835434ce8a093bdf27b8a5b742025-08-20T02:33:00ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection1869-57602024-11-0114111510.1186/s12348-024-00444-8“Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis”Muhammad Arif Asghar0Shixin Tang1Li Ping Wong2Peizeng Yang3Qinjian Zhao4College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical UniversityCollege of Public Health, Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of MalayaChongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye InstituteCollege of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Infectious uveitis is a significant cause of visual impairment worldwide, caused by diverse pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Understanding its prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, molecular mechanism, and clinical manifestations is essential for effective diagnosis and management. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, focusing on studies published in the last fifteen years from 2009 to 2023. Keywords included “uveitis,” “infectious uveitis,” “viral uveitis,” and others. Rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and data were synthesized thematically. Gene symbols related to infectious uveitis were analyzed using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and pathway analyses to uncover molecular mechanisms associated with infectious uveitis. Results The search from different databases yielded 97 eligible studies. The review identified a significant rise in publications on infectious uveitis, particularly viral uveitis, over the past fifteen years. Infectious uveitis prevalence varies geographically, with high rates in developing regions due to systemic infections and limited diagnostic resources. Etiologies include viruses (39%), bacteria (17%), and other pathogens, substantially impacting adults aged 20–50 years. Pathogenesis involves complex interactions between infectious agents and the ocular immune response, with key roles for cytokines and chemokines. The PPI network highlighted IFNG, IL6, TNF, and CD4 as central nodes. Enriched pathways included cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and JAK-STAT signaling. Clinical manifestations range from anterior to posterior uveitis, with systemic symptoms often accompanying ocular signs. Diagnostic strategies encompass clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging, while management involves targeted antimicrobial therapy and anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusion This review underscores the complexity of infectious uveitis, driven by diverse pathogens and influenced by various geographical and systemic factors. Molecular insights from PPI networks and pathway analyses provide a deeper understanding of its pathogenesis. Effective management requires comprehensive diagnostic approaches and targeted therapeutic strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12348-024-00444-8Infectious uveitisNon-infectious uveitisResearch trendGlobal prevalencePathogenesisProtein-protein interaction network |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Arif Asghar Shixin Tang Li Ping Wong Peizeng Yang Qinjian Zhao “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection Infectious uveitis Non-infectious uveitis Research trend Global prevalence Pathogenesis Protein-protein interaction network |
| title | “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” |
| title_full | “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” |
| title_fullStr | “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” |
| title_full_unstemmed | “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” |
| title_short | “Infectious uveitis: a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis” |
| title_sort | infectious uveitis a comprehensive systematic review of emerging trends and molecular pathogenesis using network analysis |
| topic | Infectious uveitis Non-infectious uveitis Research trend Global prevalence Pathogenesis Protein-protein interaction network |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12348-024-00444-8 |
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