Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES

BackgroundInflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of epilepsy. However, there is limited information regarding the relationship between diet-related inflammation and epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and epilepsy...

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Main Authors: Yike Zhu, Chuansen Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Neurology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1599286/full
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author Yike Zhu
Chuansen Lu
author_facet Yike Zhu
Chuansen Lu
author_sort Yike Zhu
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundInflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of epilepsy. However, there is limited information regarding the relationship between diet-related inflammation and epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and epilepsy.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2020. The DII scores were calculated and categorized into quartiles. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association between DII and epilepsy. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsThe study included a total of 10,761 participants. After adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension, a significant positive association was observed between DII and epilepsy in multivariable logistic regression (quartile 4 vs. 1, OR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.66–4.28, p < 0.001). The RCS analysis further confirmed a positive linear relationship between increasing DII scores and epilepsy risk (p for overall = 0.0007, p for nonlinear = 0.5128). Subgroup analyses showed a consistent association between DII and epilepsy across different subgroups.ConclusionElevated DII scores are associated with the risk of epilepsy. To improve epilepsy prevention and management, attention to dietary inflammation regulation is essential.
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spelling doaj-art-e51516c33ed540daa7a4bbe73c686bf42025-08-20T03:05:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952025-05-011610.3389/fneur.2025.15992861599286Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANESYike Zhu0Chuansen Lu1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, ChinaBackgroundInflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of epilepsy. However, there is limited information regarding the relationship between diet-related inflammation and epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and epilepsy.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2020. The DII scores were calculated and categorized into quartiles. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association between DII and epilepsy. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsThe study included a total of 10,761 participants. After adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension, a significant positive association was observed between DII and epilepsy in multivariable logistic regression (quartile 4 vs. 1, OR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.66–4.28, p < 0.001). The RCS analysis further confirmed a positive linear relationship between increasing DII scores and epilepsy risk (p for overall = 0.0007, p for nonlinear = 0.5128). Subgroup analyses showed a consistent association between DII and epilepsy across different subgroups.ConclusionElevated DII scores are associated with the risk of epilepsy. To improve epilepsy prevention and management, attention to dietary inflammation regulation is essential.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1599286/fullNHANESDIIepilepsycross-sectional studydiet
spellingShingle Yike Zhu
Chuansen Lu
Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
Frontiers in Neurology
NHANES
DII
epilepsy
cross-sectional study
diet
title Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
title_full Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
title_fullStr Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
title_full_unstemmed Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
title_short Association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy: findings from NHANES
title_sort association between dietary inflammatory index and epilepsy findings from nhanes
topic NHANES
DII
epilepsy
cross-sectional study
diet
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1599286/full
work_keys_str_mv AT yikezhu associationbetweendietaryinflammatoryindexandepilepsyfindingsfromnhanes
AT chuansenlu associationbetweendietaryinflammatoryindexandepilepsyfindingsfromnhanes