Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens.
Could some vaccines drive the evolution of more virulent pathogens? Conventional wisdom is that natural selection will remove highly lethal pathogens if host death greatly reduces transmission. Vaccines that keep hosts alive but still allow transmission could thus allow very virulent strains to circ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-07-01
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| Series: | PLoS Biology |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002198&type=printable |
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| author | Andrew F Read Susan J Baigent Claire Powers Lydia B Kgosana Luke Blackwell Lorraine P Smith David A Kennedy Stephen W Walkden-Brown Venugopal K Nair |
| author_facet | Andrew F Read Susan J Baigent Claire Powers Lydia B Kgosana Luke Blackwell Lorraine P Smith David A Kennedy Stephen W Walkden-Brown Venugopal K Nair |
| author_sort | Andrew F Read |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Could some vaccines drive the evolution of more virulent pathogens? Conventional wisdom is that natural selection will remove highly lethal pathogens if host death greatly reduces transmission. Vaccines that keep hosts alive but still allow transmission could thus allow very virulent strains to circulate in a population. Here we show experimentally that immunization of chickens against Marek's disease virus enhances the fitness of more virulent strains, making it possible for hyperpathogenic strains to transmit. Immunity elicited by direct vaccination or by maternal vaccination prolongs host survival but does not prevent infection, viral replication or transmission, thus extending the infectious periods of strains otherwise too lethal to persist. Our data show that anti-disease vaccines that do not prevent transmission can create conditions that promote the emergence of pathogen strains that cause more severe disease in unvaccinated hosts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e50d438f0e7b491b88a1676fc6ae27a7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1544-9173 1545-7885 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e50d438f0e7b491b88a1676fc6ae27a72025-08-20T03:46:42ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Biology1544-91731545-78852015-07-01137e100219810.1371/journal.pbio.1002198Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens.Andrew F ReadSusan J BaigentClaire PowersLydia B KgosanaLuke BlackwellLorraine P SmithDavid A KennedyStephen W Walkden-BrownVenugopal K NairCould some vaccines drive the evolution of more virulent pathogens? Conventional wisdom is that natural selection will remove highly lethal pathogens if host death greatly reduces transmission. Vaccines that keep hosts alive but still allow transmission could thus allow very virulent strains to circulate in a population. Here we show experimentally that immunization of chickens against Marek's disease virus enhances the fitness of more virulent strains, making it possible for hyperpathogenic strains to transmit. Immunity elicited by direct vaccination or by maternal vaccination prolongs host survival but does not prevent infection, viral replication or transmission, thus extending the infectious periods of strains otherwise too lethal to persist. Our data show that anti-disease vaccines that do not prevent transmission can create conditions that promote the emergence of pathogen strains that cause more severe disease in unvaccinated hosts.https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002198&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Andrew F Read Susan J Baigent Claire Powers Lydia B Kgosana Luke Blackwell Lorraine P Smith David A Kennedy Stephen W Walkden-Brown Venugopal K Nair Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. PLoS Biology |
| title | Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. |
| title_full | Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. |
| title_fullStr | Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. |
| title_short | Imperfect Vaccination Can Enhance the Transmission of Highly Virulent Pathogens. |
| title_sort | imperfect vaccination can enhance the transmission of highly virulent pathogens |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002198&type=printable |
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