Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses
Background and Aims: Fish oil and krill oil are primary sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), differing in their molecular forms and bioavailability. Understanding these differences can optimize their therapeutic use. This study aims to compare the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Food Chemistry: X |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590157524007685 |
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| author | Thi-Phuong-Thao Pham Thi-Van Hoang Phuc-Thao-Nguyen Cao Thi-Thuy-Duong Le Van-Thao-Nguyen Ho Thi-Mai-Hoa Vu Thi-Hoai-Thu Le Huynh-Thien-Xuan Pham Thanh-Thien Tran Okti Ratna Mafruhah Thi-Thuy-Linh Pham Min-Tsang Hsieh Hai-Anh Ha |
| author_facet | Thi-Phuong-Thao Pham Thi-Van Hoang Phuc-Thao-Nguyen Cao Thi-Thuy-Duong Le Van-Thao-Nguyen Ho Thi-Mai-Hoa Vu Thi-Hoai-Thu Le Huynh-Thien-Xuan Pham Thanh-Thien Tran Okti Ratna Mafruhah Thi-Thuy-Linh Pham Min-Tsang Hsieh Hai-Anh Ha |
| author_sort | Thi-Phuong-Thao Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aims: Fish oil and krill oil are primary sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), differing in their molecular forms and bioavailability. Understanding these differences can optimize their therapeutic use. This study aims to compare the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs in fish oil and krill oil using a network meta-analysis approach. By evaluating various molecular forms and dosages, the study seeks to identify the most effective Omega-3 sources and dosing regimens to maximize health benefits.Methods: The study adhered to the explanation of the PRISMA network meta-analysis 2015 (registered PROSPERO ID: CRD42024532536). The risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale. This network meta-analysis incorporated data from studies published between 2003 and 2023, sourced from five databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-World Health Organization, and Embase. Statistical analysis was conducted using advanced models in R software to ensure a rigorous evaluation of bioavailability.Results: Out of 26 high-quality studies, findings reveal superior bioavailability of krill oil compared to fish oil. Specifically, fish oil above 3000 mg, in re-esterified triacylglycerol or ethyl ester formulations (100–2900 mg), and krill oil (100–1900 mg) significantly enhanced the Omega-3 index. At lower dosages (under 2000 mg), krill oil shows superior Omega-3 absorption compared to fish oil. Using fish oil ethyl ester at doses between 2000 and 2900 mg may be the most effective for reducing Tmax. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity and limited statistical significance. The highest AUC values were observed in krill oil phospholipid/free fatty acid formulation. Emulsion forms of fish oil are more effective in increasing Cmax than other formulations. These results were supported by robust statistical evidence (Egger's test, p > 0.05), highlighting the effectiveness of specific formulations and doses in optimizing Omega-3 absorption.Conclusion: The research highlights the importance of understanding the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs from fish oil and krill oil. The findings suggest that low-dose krill oil and fish oil emulsions (under 2000 mg) are effective and potentially safer alternatives to high-dose fish oil, potentially minimizing the risk of adverse effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e502b0ba51e74449a79968791ad7e1b4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2590-1575 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Food Chemistry: X |
| spelling | doaj-art-e502b0ba51e74449a79968791ad7e1b42025-08-20T02:49:55ZengElsevierFood Chemistry: X2590-15752024-12-012410188010.1016/j.fochx.2024.101880Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analysesThi-Phuong-Thao Pham0Thi-Van Hoang1Phuc-Thao-Nguyen Cao2Thi-Thuy-Duong Le3Van-Thao-Nguyen Ho4Thi-Mai-Hoa Vu5Thi-Hoai-Thu Le6Huynh-Thien-Xuan Pham7Thanh-Thien Tran8Okti Ratna Mafruhah9Thi-Thuy-Linh Pham10Min-Tsang Hsieh11Hai-Anh Ha12School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, TaiwanSchool of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK25YDH4, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK26YDH2, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK26YDH2, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK25YDH1, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK25YDH3, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK26YDH2, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamK27YDH1, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet NamDepartment of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Daerah Istimewa, Yogyakarta 55584, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Chungbuk National University College of Pharmacy, Osong, Cheongju 28160, Republic of KoreaSchool of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Corresponding author at: School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan.Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Corresponding author at: Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam.Background and Aims: Fish oil and krill oil are primary sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), differing in their molecular forms and bioavailability. Understanding these differences can optimize their therapeutic use. This study aims to compare the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs in fish oil and krill oil using a network meta-analysis approach. By evaluating various molecular forms and dosages, the study seeks to identify the most effective Omega-3 sources and dosing regimens to maximize health benefits.Methods: The study adhered to the explanation of the PRISMA network meta-analysis 2015 (registered PROSPERO ID: CRD42024532536). The risk of bias was evaluated using the PEDro scale. This network meta-analysis incorporated data from studies published between 2003 and 2023, sourced from five databases: ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-World Health Organization, and Embase. Statistical analysis was conducted using advanced models in R software to ensure a rigorous evaluation of bioavailability.Results: Out of 26 high-quality studies, findings reveal superior bioavailability of krill oil compared to fish oil. Specifically, fish oil above 3000 mg, in re-esterified triacylglycerol or ethyl ester formulations (100–2900 mg), and krill oil (100–1900 mg) significantly enhanced the Omega-3 index. At lower dosages (under 2000 mg), krill oil shows superior Omega-3 absorption compared to fish oil. Using fish oil ethyl ester at doses between 2000 and 2900 mg may be the most effective for reducing Tmax. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity and limited statistical significance. The highest AUC values were observed in krill oil phospholipid/free fatty acid formulation. Emulsion forms of fish oil are more effective in increasing Cmax than other formulations. These results were supported by robust statistical evidence (Egger's test, p > 0.05), highlighting the effectiveness of specific formulations and doses in optimizing Omega-3 absorption.Conclusion: The research highlights the importance of understanding the bioavailability of Omega-3 PUFAs from fish oil and krill oil. The findings suggest that low-dose krill oil and fish oil emulsions (under 2000 mg) are effective and potentially safer alternatives to high-dose fish oil, potentially minimizing the risk of adverse effects.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590157524007685BioavailabilityOmega-3Fish oilKrill oilPolyunsaturated fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Thi-Phuong-Thao Pham Thi-Van Hoang Phuc-Thao-Nguyen Cao Thi-Thuy-Duong Le Van-Thao-Nguyen Ho Thi-Mai-Hoa Vu Thi-Hoai-Thu Le Huynh-Thien-Xuan Pham Thanh-Thien Tran Okti Ratna Mafruhah Thi-Thuy-Linh Pham Min-Tsang Hsieh Hai-Anh Ha Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses Food Chemistry: X Bioavailability Omega-3 Fish oil Krill oil Polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| title | Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses |
| title_full | Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses |
| title_short | Comparison of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil: Network Meta-analyses |
| title_sort | comparison of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids bioavailability in fish oil and krill oil network meta analyses |
| topic | Bioavailability Omega-3 Fish oil Krill oil Polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590157524007685 |
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