Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials
This study evaluates the efficiency of 20 Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) formulations for extracting curcuminoids and other bioactive compounds from turmeric and emphasize their ability to preserve and enhance antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and skin depigmentation effects. The NAD...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/163 |
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| author | Jelena Jovanović Marko Jović Jelena Trifković Katarina Smiljanić Uroš Gašić Maja Krstić Ristivojević Petar Ristivojević |
| author_facet | Jelena Jovanović Marko Jović Jelena Trifković Katarina Smiljanić Uroš Gašić Maja Krstić Ristivojević Petar Ristivojević |
| author_sort | Jelena Jovanović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluates the efficiency of 20 Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) formulations for extracting curcuminoids and other bioactive compounds from turmeric and emphasize their ability to preserve and enhance antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and skin depigmentation effects. The NADES formulations, prepared using choline chloride (ChCl) combined with sugars, carboxylic acids, glycerol, amino acids, urea, polyols, and betaine, were assessed for their extraction efficiency based on the total phenolic content and curcumin concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to characterize the synthesized NADES and confirm their chemical composition. Bioactivity evaluations included antioxidant assays (ABTS and DPPH), antidiabetic tests (α-amylase inhibition), antimicrobial assays, and skin depigmentation (tyrosinase inhibition). The results demonstrated that NADES significantly enhanced the extraction efficiency and bioactive properties of turmeric extracts compared to water as a conventional green solvent. NADES 18 (ChCl/1,2-propanediol/water 1:1:1) and NADES 19 (glycerol/betaine/water 1:1:3) exhibited the highest extraction yields, with curcumin concentrations of 30.73 ± 1.96 mg/g and 31.70 ± 2.02 mg/g, respectively, outperforming water (26.91 ± 1.72 mg/g), while NADES 17 (ChCl/1,2-propanediol/water 0.5:3:0.5:5) and NADES 20 (glycerol/lysine/water 1:1:3) exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. Furthermore, NADES 14 (ChCl/lactic acid/water 1:2:5) demonstrated the strongest tyrosinase inhibition (98.7%), supporting its potential for skin-brightening applications, including notable α-amylase inhibition exceeding 90%. This study aligns with the principles of green chemistry, as NADES are effective and sustainable solvents for natural product extraction. The presenting benefits of improved extraction efficiency and enhanced bioactivities position NADES as a promising and eco-friendly approach for developing efficient bioactive compound extraction methodologies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5013bb327c94f528bdb073a181d9d39 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5013bb327c94f528bdb073a181d9d392025-01-24T13:46:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114216310.3390/plants14020163Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation PotentialsJelena Jovanović0Marko Jović1Jelena Trifković2Katarina Smiljanić3Uroš Gašić4Maja Krstić Ristivojević5Petar Ristivojević6Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12–14, 11001 Belgrade, SerbiaInnovative Centre of the Faculty of Chemistry, Ltd., University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Department of Plant Physiology, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaThis study evaluates the efficiency of 20 Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) formulations for extracting curcuminoids and other bioactive compounds from turmeric and emphasize their ability to preserve and enhance antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and skin depigmentation effects. The NADES formulations, prepared using choline chloride (ChCl) combined with sugars, carboxylic acids, glycerol, amino acids, urea, polyols, and betaine, were assessed for their extraction efficiency based on the total phenolic content and curcumin concentration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to characterize the synthesized NADES and confirm their chemical composition. Bioactivity evaluations included antioxidant assays (ABTS and DPPH), antidiabetic tests (α-amylase inhibition), antimicrobial assays, and skin depigmentation (tyrosinase inhibition). The results demonstrated that NADES significantly enhanced the extraction efficiency and bioactive properties of turmeric extracts compared to water as a conventional green solvent. NADES 18 (ChCl/1,2-propanediol/water 1:1:1) and NADES 19 (glycerol/betaine/water 1:1:3) exhibited the highest extraction yields, with curcumin concentrations of 30.73 ± 1.96 mg/g and 31.70 ± 2.02 mg/g, respectively, outperforming water (26.91 ± 1.72 mg/g), while NADES 17 (ChCl/1,2-propanediol/water 0.5:3:0.5:5) and NADES 20 (glycerol/lysine/water 1:1:3) exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. Furthermore, NADES 14 (ChCl/lactic acid/water 1:2:5) demonstrated the strongest tyrosinase inhibition (98.7%), supporting its potential for skin-brightening applications, including notable α-amylase inhibition exceeding 90%. This study aligns with the principles of green chemistry, as NADES are effective and sustainable solvents for natural product extraction. The presenting benefits of improved extraction efficiency and enhanced bioactivities position NADES as a promising and eco-friendly approach for developing efficient bioactive compound extraction methodologies.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/163<i>Curcuma longa</i>NADESgreen extractioncurcumin contentradical scavenging activityskin depigmentation and antidiabetic activities |
| spellingShingle | Jelena Jovanović Marko Jović Jelena Trifković Katarina Smiljanić Uroš Gašić Maja Krstić Ristivojević Petar Ristivojević Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials Plants <i>Curcuma longa</i> NADES green extraction curcumin content radical scavenging activity skin depigmentation and antidiabetic activities |
| title | Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials |
| title_full | Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials |
| title_fullStr | Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials |
| title_short | Green Extraction of Bioactives from <i>Curcuma longa</i> Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: Unlocking Antioxidative, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Skin Depigmentation Potentials |
| title_sort | green extraction of bioactives from i curcuma longa i using natural deep eutectic solvents unlocking antioxidative antimicrobial antidiabetic and skin depigmentation potentials |
| topic | <i>Curcuma longa</i> NADES green extraction curcumin content radical scavenging activity skin depigmentation and antidiabetic activities |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/163 |
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