Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype

<b>Background</b>: Measles, an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus, continues to pose a significant threat to children under five years old worldwide. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, challenges such as insufficient vaccination coverage and ant...

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Main Authors: Lixia Xie, Yuanbao Liu, Yajing Zhang, Biao Niu, Hui Wang, Yue Guo, Jinliang Wang, Juncheng Ruan, Guandong Xie, Zhiguo Wang, Zhenfang Fu, Qi An, Dayong Tian
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Vaccines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/571
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author Lixia Xie
Yuanbao Liu
Yajing Zhang
Biao Niu
Hui Wang
Yue Guo
Jinliang Wang
Juncheng Ruan
Guandong Xie
Zhiguo Wang
Zhenfang Fu
Qi An
Dayong Tian
author_facet Lixia Xie
Yuanbao Liu
Yajing Zhang
Biao Niu
Hui Wang
Yue Guo
Jinliang Wang
Juncheng Ruan
Guandong Xie
Zhiguo Wang
Zhenfang Fu
Qi An
Dayong Tian
author_sort Lixia Xie
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background</b>: Measles, an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus, continues to pose a significant threat to children under five years old worldwide. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, challenges such as insufficient vaccination coverage and antigenic drift contribute to its persistence. Based on a newly isolated wild-type measles virus strain (genotype H1a), designated MVs/Jiangsu.CHN/38.16/1[H1a] (MV-1), this study aims to develop and evaluate a novel recombinant measles virus vaccine candidate designed to enhance immunogenicity and broaden protection against multiple epidemic genotypes. <b>Methods</b>: A recombinant measles virus vaccine candidate, designated rSchwarz/FH(H1a), was developed by incorporating immunogenic genes from the H1a genotype into the backbone of the Schwarz vaccine strain. The genetic stability, safety, and immunogenicity of this vaccine candidate were evaluated in preclinical models. Relevant sample sizes and methodologies were selected to ensure comprehensive assessment of vaccine efficacy against various genotypes (H1a, B3, D8). <b>Results</b>: The rSchwarz/FH(H1a) vaccine candidate demonstrated enhanced immunogenicity, with robust immune responses observed against the targeted genotypes. Additionally, it showed excellent genetic stability and safety profiles, indicating potential for effective use in vaccination programs. Notably, the vaccine provided cross-protection against multiple epidemic genotypes, highlighting its broader application in controlling measles outbreaks. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings suggest that the rSchwarz/FH(H1a) vaccine candidate represents a promising advancement in measles vaccine development. It has the potential to strengthen current measles vaccination strategies by providing improved immunogenicity and broader protection against different circulating genotypes. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm these promising preclinical results.
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spelling doaj-art-e4e955ba96664354955e2affb90745d42025-08-20T03:26:52ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-05-0113657110.3390/vaccines13060571Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a GenotypeLixia Xie0Yuanbao Liu1Yajing Zhang2Biao Niu3Hui Wang4Yue Guo5Jinliang Wang6Juncheng Ruan7Guandong Xie8Zhiguo Wang9Zhenfang Fu10Qi An11Dayong Tian12R&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaDepartment of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaDepartment of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, ChinaR&D Department, Shanghai King-Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201506, China<b>Background</b>: Measles, an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus, continues to pose a significant threat to children under five years old worldwide. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, challenges such as insufficient vaccination coverage and antigenic drift contribute to its persistence. Based on a newly isolated wild-type measles virus strain (genotype H1a), designated MVs/Jiangsu.CHN/38.16/1[H1a] (MV-1), this study aims to develop and evaluate a novel recombinant measles virus vaccine candidate designed to enhance immunogenicity and broaden protection against multiple epidemic genotypes. <b>Methods</b>: A recombinant measles virus vaccine candidate, designated rSchwarz/FH(H1a), was developed by incorporating immunogenic genes from the H1a genotype into the backbone of the Schwarz vaccine strain. The genetic stability, safety, and immunogenicity of this vaccine candidate were evaluated in preclinical models. Relevant sample sizes and methodologies were selected to ensure comprehensive assessment of vaccine efficacy against various genotypes (H1a, B3, D8). <b>Results</b>: The rSchwarz/FH(H1a) vaccine candidate demonstrated enhanced immunogenicity, with robust immune responses observed against the targeted genotypes. Additionally, it showed excellent genetic stability and safety profiles, indicating potential for effective use in vaccination programs. Notably, the vaccine provided cross-protection against multiple epidemic genotypes, highlighting its broader application in controlling measles outbreaks. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings suggest that the rSchwarz/FH(H1a) vaccine candidate represents a promising advancement in measles vaccine development. It has the potential to strengthen current measles vaccination strategies by providing improved immunogenicity and broader protection against different circulating genotypes. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm these promising preclinical results.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/571measlesgenotyperecombinant viruscross-protectionattenuated live
spellingShingle Lixia Xie
Yuanbao Liu
Yajing Zhang
Biao Niu
Hui Wang
Yue Guo
Jinliang Wang
Juncheng Ruan
Guandong Xie
Zhiguo Wang
Zhenfang Fu
Qi An
Dayong Tian
Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
Vaccines
measles
genotype
recombinant virus
cross-protection
attenuated live
title Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
title_full Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
title_fullStr Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
title_full_unstemmed Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
title_short Construction and Preclinical Evaluation of a Recombinant Attenuated Measles Vaccine Candidate of the H1a Genotype
title_sort construction and preclinical evaluation of a recombinant attenuated measles vaccine candidate of the h1a genotype
topic measles
genotype
recombinant virus
cross-protection
attenuated live
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/571
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