Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Insulin response may significantly contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Diets can modulate the insulin response and we hypothesize that high insulinemic potential diets may increase the kidney stones risk. Methods Data were from the US National Health and Nutrition Exami...
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2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01163-z |
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| author | Bao Zhang Mengsha Tang Xiude Li |
| author_facet | Bao Zhang Mengsha Tang Xiude Li |
| author_sort | Bao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Insulin response may significantly contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Diets can modulate the insulin response and we hypothesize that high insulinemic potential diets may increase the kidney stones risk. Methods Data were from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diets were assessed by 24-hour dietary recall. Two empirical dietary indices for insulin resistance (EDIR) and hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) were used to reflect the dietary insulinemic potential. Diagnosis of kidney stones was based on self-report. Logistic regression was employed to calculate ORs and 95% CIs while adjusting for variables identified through a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Results Higher EDIR [OR Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 = 1.31 (95% CI: 1.13–1.53); OR Per−standard deviation increase = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05–1.18); p trend = 0.001] and EDIH [OR Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.08–1.47); OR Per−standard deviation increase = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.16); p trend = 0.001] scores were both positively associated with kidney stones. The conclusion remains unchanged in the sensitivity analysis after adjusting for potential mediating factors that were identified from the DAG, including BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. Subgroup analysis showed that results in most subgroups were consistent with the main analysis. Conclusions This study indicates that the insulinemic potential of diet may partly underlie the influence of dietary patterns on kidney stones, emphasizing the importance of avoiding dietary patterns with insulinemic potential. Clinical trial number Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1475-2891 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Nutrition Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-e4dec1b2a2264e309b611e7b0651e1d92025-08-20T03:22:48ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912025-06-0124111110.1186/s12937-025-01163-zHigher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional studyBao Zhang0Mengsha Tang1Xiude Li2Department of Clinical Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversitySchool of Humanity and Management, Wannan Medical CollegeDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAbstract Background Insulin response may significantly contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Diets can modulate the insulin response and we hypothesize that high insulinemic potential diets may increase the kidney stones risk. Methods Data were from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diets were assessed by 24-hour dietary recall. Two empirical dietary indices for insulin resistance (EDIR) and hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) were used to reflect the dietary insulinemic potential. Diagnosis of kidney stones was based on self-report. Logistic regression was employed to calculate ORs and 95% CIs while adjusting for variables identified through a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Results Higher EDIR [OR Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 = 1.31 (95% CI: 1.13–1.53); OR Per−standard deviation increase = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05–1.18); p trend = 0.001] and EDIH [OR Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.08–1.47); OR Per−standard deviation increase = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.16); p trend = 0.001] scores were both positively associated with kidney stones. The conclusion remains unchanged in the sensitivity analysis after adjusting for potential mediating factors that were identified from the DAG, including BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. Subgroup analysis showed that results in most subgroups were consistent with the main analysis. Conclusions This study indicates that the insulinemic potential of diet may partly underlie the influence of dietary patterns on kidney stones, emphasizing the importance of avoiding dietary patterns with insulinemic potential. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01163-zDietary patternKidney stonesInsulin resistanceHyperinsulinemiaEpidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Bao Zhang Mengsha Tang Xiude Li Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study Nutrition Journal Dietary pattern Kidney stones Insulin resistance Hyperinsulinemia Epidemiology |
| title | Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | higher dietary insulinemic potential is associated with kidney stones a nationally representative cross sectional study |
| topic | Dietary pattern Kidney stones Insulin resistance Hyperinsulinemia Epidemiology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01163-z |
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