The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019.
The evolutionary dynamics of antibiotic resistance are not well understood, particularly the long-term trajectories of resistance frequencies and their dependence on antibiotic consumption. Here, we systematically analyse resistance trajectories for 887 bug-drug-country combinations in Europe across...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012945 |
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| author | Martin Emons François Blanquart Sonja Lehtinen |
| author_facet | Martin Emons François Blanquart Sonja Lehtinen |
| author_sort | Martin Emons |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The evolutionary dynamics of antibiotic resistance are not well understood, particularly the long-term trajectories of resistance frequencies and their dependence on antibiotic consumption. Here, we systematically analyse resistance trajectories for 887 bug-drug-country combinations in Europe across 1998-2019, for eight bacterial species with a considerable resistance-associated public health burden. Our analyses support a model in which, after an initial increase, resistance frequencies reach a stable intermediate equilibrium. The plurality (37%) of analysed trajectories were best described as 'stable' (neither increasing nor decreasing). 21% of trajectories were best described as 'stabilising' - i.e. showing a transition from increasing frequency to a stable plateau; 21% as decreasing and 20% as increasing. The antibiotic consumption in a country predicts both the equilibrium frequency of the corresponding resistance and the speed at which this equilibrium is reached. Moreover, we find weak evidence that temporal fluctuations in resistance frequency are driven by temporal fluctuations in hospital antibiotic consumption. A large fraction of the variability in the speed of increase and the equilibrium level of resistance remains unexplained by antibiotic use, suggesting other factors may also drive resistance dynamics. Overall, our results indicate that ever increasing antibiotic resistance frequencies are not inevitable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e49235aeac2b4dfe8620e7aea62f09be |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-e49235aeac2b4dfe8620e7aea62f09be2025-08-20T03:17:44ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742025-01-01214e101294510.1371/journal.ppat.1012945The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019.Martin EmonsFrançois BlanquartSonja LehtinenThe evolutionary dynamics of antibiotic resistance are not well understood, particularly the long-term trajectories of resistance frequencies and their dependence on antibiotic consumption. Here, we systematically analyse resistance trajectories for 887 bug-drug-country combinations in Europe across 1998-2019, for eight bacterial species with a considerable resistance-associated public health burden. Our analyses support a model in which, after an initial increase, resistance frequencies reach a stable intermediate equilibrium. The plurality (37%) of analysed trajectories were best described as 'stable' (neither increasing nor decreasing). 21% of trajectories were best described as 'stabilising' - i.e. showing a transition from increasing frequency to a stable plateau; 21% as decreasing and 20% as increasing. The antibiotic consumption in a country predicts both the equilibrium frequency of the corresponding resistance and the speed at which this equilibrium is reached. Moreover, we find weak evidence that temporal fluctuations in resistance frequency are driven by temporal fluctuations in hospital antibiotic consumption. A large fraction of the variability in the speed of increase and the equilibrium level of resistance remains unexplained by antibiotic use, suggesting other factors may also drive resistance dynamics. Overall, our results indicate that ever increasing antibiotic resistance frequencies are not inevitable.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012945 |
| spellingShingle | Martin Emons François Blanquart Sonja Lehtinen The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. |
| title_full | The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. |
| title_fullStr | The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. |
| title_short | The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998-2019. |
| title_sort | evolution of antibiotic resistance in europe 1998 2019 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012945 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martinemons theevolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 AT francoisblanquart theevolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 AT sonjalehtinen theevolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 AT martinemons evolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 AT francoisblanquart evolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 AT sonjalehtinen evolutionofantibioticresistanceineurope19982019 |