Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive relevance of CD27 and CD117 expression and the prognostic value in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 160 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at...

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Main Authors: Xu Si, Jing Zhao, Yichuan Song, Wenxuan Fu, Rui Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Immunology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-025-00719-2
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author Xu Si
Jing Zhao
Yichuan Song
Wenxuan Fu
Rui Zhang
author_facet Xu Si
Jing Zhao
Yichuan Song
Wenxuan Fu
Rui Zhang
author_sort Xu Si
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive relevance of CD27 and CD117 expression and the prognostic value in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 160 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (2016–2023), evaluating CD27 (TNF receptor family member regulating plasma cell differentiation) and CD117 (c-KIT proto-oncogene product mediating hematopoietic cell survival) expression patterns via pretreatment flow cytometry. Patients were stratified by CD27/CD117 membrane positivity to assess their combined prognostic significance on disease progression, with survival outcomes tracked through standardized clinical surveillance protocols. Results The CD27 negative cohort demonstrated severe disease burden, evidenced by elevated β2-MG, increased bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, reduced hemoglobin levels, percentage of high ISS III. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that CD27 positive cohort showing significantly prolonged median PFS versus CD27 negative counterparts (78 vs. 33 months, P = 0.0078). While CD117 alone lacked prognostic significance, combined CD27(+)CD117(+) status was associated with superior PFS (P = 0.0041 vs. subgroups), earlier ISS\MASS staging (P = 0.005, P = 0.021), deeper therapeutic remission rates(Protease inhibitor-based therapy, P = 0.009), and lower frequency of high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities compared to all other combinations, and particularly outperforming CD27(−)CD117(−) patients. Among CD27-expressing patients, CD117 positive patients had better survival performance (P = 0.0424). Multivariate Cox regression confirmed CD27 positivity as an independent protective factor (HR 0.50, P = 0.009) and thrombocytopenia (PLT < 150 × 10⁹/L) as a risk predictor (HR 2.28, P = 0.002), both maintaining significance after adjusting for conventional parameters. Conclusion CD27 positive patients have a better prognosis, and the combination of CD27 and CD117 allows refined prognostic risk stratification of MM patients. The expression of CD27 and CD117 is associated with improved prognosis.
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spelling doaj-art-e484f6b39fef43309b9242ef5bf55b092025-08-20T01:52:22ZengBMCBMC Immunology1471-21722025-05-0126111010.1186/s12865-025-00719-2Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patientsXu Si0Jing Zhao1Yichuan Song2Wenxuan Fu3Rui Zhang4Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityAbstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive relevance of CD27 and CD117 expression and the prognostic value in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 160 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (2016–2023), evaluating CD27 (TNF receptor family member regulating plasma cell differentiation) and CD117 (c-KIT proto-oncogene product mediating hematopoietic cell survival) expression patterns via pretreatment flow cytometry. Patients were stratified by CD27/CD117 membrane positivity to assess their combined prognostic significance on disease progression, with survival outcomes tracked through standardized clinical surveillance protocols. Results The CD27 negative cohort demonstrated severe disease burden, evidenced by elevated β2-MG, increased bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, reduced hemoglobin levels, percentage of high ISS III. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that CD27 positive cohort showing significantly prolonged median PFS versus CD27 negative counterparts (78 vs. 33 months, P = 0.0078). While CD117 alone lacked prognostic significance, combined CD27(+)CD117(+) status was associated with superior PFS (P = 0.0041 vs. subgroups), earlier ISS\MASS staging (P = 0.005, P = 0.021), deeper therapeutic remission rates(Protease inhibitor-based therapy, P = 0.009), and lower frequency of high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities compared to all other combinations, and particularly outperforming CD27(−)CD117(−) patients. Among CD27-expressing patients, CD117 positive patients had better survival performance (P = 0.0424). Multivariate Cox regression confirmed CD27 positivity as an independent protective factor (HR 0.50, P = 0.009) and thrombocytopenia (PLT < 150 × 10⁹/L) as a risk predictor (HR 2.28, P = 0.002), both maintaining significance after adjusting for conventional parameters. Conclusion CD27 positive patients have a better prognosis, and the combination of CD27 and CD117 allows refined prognostic risk stratification of MM patients. The expression of CD27 and CD117 is associated with improved prognosis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-025-00719-2Multiple myelomaImmunophenotypeCD27CD117Prognosis
spellingShingle Xu Si
Jing Zhao
Yichuan Song
Wenxuan Fu
Rui Zhang
Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
BMC Immunology
Multiple myeloma
Immunophenotype
CD27
CD117
Prognosis
title Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
title_full Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
title_fullStr Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
title_full_unstemmed Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
title_short Prognostic value of the expression of CD27 and CD117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
title_sort prognostic value of the expression of cd27 and cd117 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
topic Multiple myeloma
Immunophenotype
CD27
CD117
Prognosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12865-025-00719-2
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