Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones

IntroductionCoastal infrastructure and property, as well as intertidal wetlands, are increasingly being threatened by shoreline erosion; a consequence of human activities and climate change. Nature-based solutions, such as intertidal engineered oyster reefs, can reduce erosion and promote sediment a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Megan E. Geesin, Georgette L. Tso, Hannah Sirianni, Siddharth Narayan, Chris J. Baillie, Praveen D. Malali, Brandon J. Puckett, Justin T. Ridge, Rachel K. Gittman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2025.1616227/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849225288973549568
author Megan E. Geesin
Georgette L. Tso
Hannah Sirianni
Siddharth Narayan
Siddharth Narayan
Chris J. Baillie
Praveen D. Malali
Brandon J. Puckett
Justin T. Ridge
Rachel K. Gittman
Rachel K. Gittman
author_facet Megan E. Geesin
Georgette L. Tso
Hannah Sirianni
Siddharth Narayan
Siddharth Narayan
Chris J. Baillie
Praveen D. Malali
Brandon J. Puckett
Justin T. Ridge
Rachel K. Gittman
Rachel K. Gittman
author_sort Megan E. Geesin
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionCoastal infrastructure and property, as well as intertidal wetlands, are increasingly being threatened by shoreline erosion; a consequence of human activities and climate change. Nature-based solutions, such as intertidal engineered oyster reefs, can reduce erosion and promote sediment accretion, thereby promoting the restoration and persistence of salt marshes and preventing the loss of coastal lands. Engineered oyster reef substrate and design options have rapidly expanded in the last decade, yet our understanding of how these approaches influence ecosystems and intertidal morphology is limited. Drones (or small uncrewed aerial systems [sUAS]) coupled with structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry have recently been suggested as a low-cost method that offers optimal spatial coverage, fine-scale resolution, and high vertical accuracy for monitoring changes around living shorelines.MethodsWe evaluated how using different vertical and horizontal uncertainty thresholds for detection of drone-based shoreline change can influence interpretation of performance of engineered oyster reefs on coastal morphology and vegetation. We monitored three sites with engineered oyster reefs installed in 2020 and one reference site located on Carrot Island along Taylor Creek in Beaufort, NC, USA. ResultsComparisons of the Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and orthomosaics derived from the drone imagery revealed all sites saw marsh edge retreat from 2022 to 2023 (2-3 years post-restoration), and all sites except one low-relief oyster reef site saw elevation loss. Elevation loss was highest at the control site, but marsh edge retreat was highest at one of the engineered oyster reefs.DiscussionWhile horizontal thresholds did not yield statistically different results, vertical thresholds did. Our results support using a 95% confidence interval for conservative volumetric estimates and recommend that future studies consider aligning uncertainty thresholds with monitoring goals and timelines.
format Article
id doaj-art-e47a3524409b47638393dde49b69e261
institution Kabale University
issn 2296-701X
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-e47a3524409b47638393dde49b69e2612025-08-25T05:25:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2025-08-011310.3389/fevo.2025.16162271616227Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using dronesMegan E. Geesin0Georgette L. Tso1Hannah Sirianni2Siddharth Narayan3Siddharth Narayan4Chris J. Baillie5Praveen D. Malali6Brandon J. Puckett7Justin T. Ridge8Rachel K. Gittman9Rachel K. Gittman10Department of Coastal Studies, Integrated Coastal Programs, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United StatesDepartment of Coastal Studies, Integrated Coastal Programs, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United StatesDepartment of Earth, Environment, and Planning, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United StatesDepartment of Coastal Studies, Integrated Coastal Programs, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United StatesCoastal Studies Institute, East Carolina University, Wanchese, NC, United StatesEastern North Carolina Sentinel Landscape, Legacyworks Group, Santa Barbara, CA, United StatesDepartment of Science and Mathematics, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Killeen, TX, United StatesNational Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Beaufort, NC, United StatesDepartment of Environmental Quality, North Carolina Coastal Reserve and National Estuarine Research Reserve, Beaufort, NC, United StatesCoastal Studies Institute, East Carolina University, Wanchese, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United StatesIntroductionCoastal infrastructure and property, as well as intertidal wetlands, are increasingly being threatened by shoreline erosion; a consequence of human activities and climate change. Nature-based solutions, such as intertidal engineered oyster reefs, can reduce erosion and promote sediment accretion, thereby promoting the restoration and persistence of salt marshes and preventing the loss of coastal lands. Engineered oyster reef substrate and design options have rapidly expanded in the last decade, yet our understanding of how these approaches influence ecosystems and intertidal morphology is limited. Drones (or small uncrewed aerial systems [sUAS]) coupled with structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry have recently been suggested as a low-cost method that offers optimal spatial coverage, fine-scale resolution, and high vertical accuracy for monitoring changes around living shorelines.MethodsWe evaluated how using different vertical and horizontal uncertainty thresholds for detection of drone-based shoreline change can influence interpretation of performance of engineered oyster reefs on coastal morphology and vegetation. We monitored three sites with engineered oyster reefs installed in 2020 and one reference site located on Carrot Island along Taylor Creek in Beaufort, NC, USA. ResultsComparisons of the Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and orthomosaics derived from the drone imagery revealed all sites saw marsh edge retreat from 2022 to 2023 (2-3 years post-restoration), and all sites except one low-relief oyster reef site saw elevation loss. Elevation loss was highest at the control site, but marsh edge retreat was highest at one of the engineered oyster reefs.DiscussionWhile horizontal thresholds did not yield statistically different results, vertical thresholds did. Our results support using a 95% confidence interval for conservative volumetric estimates and recommend that future studies consider aligning uncertainty thresholds with monitoring goals and timelines.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2025.1616227/fullsmall uncrewed aerial system (sUAS)structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetrydigital elevation model of difference (DOD)shoreline erosionnature-based solutionsbio-geomorphology
spellingShingle Megan E. Geesin
Georgette L. Tso
Hannah Sirianni
Siddharth Narayan
Siddharth Narayan
Chris J. Baillie
Praveen D. Malali
Brandon J. Puckett
Justin T. Ridge
Rachel K. Gittman
Rachel K. Gittman
Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
small uncrewed aerial system (sUAS)
structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry
digital elevation model of difference (DOD)
shoreline erosion
nature-based solutions
bio-geomorphology
title Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
title_full Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
title_fullStr Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
title_short Assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
title_sort assessing the effects of engineered oyster reefs on shoreline change using drones
topic small uncrewed aerial system (sUAS)
structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry
digital elevation model of difference (DOD)
shoreline erosion
nature-based solutions
bio-geomorphology
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2025.1616227/full
work_keys_str_mv AT meganegeesin assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT georgetteltso assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT hannahsirianni assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT siddharthnarayan assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT siddharthnarayan assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT chrisjbaillie assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT praveendmalali assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT brandonjpuckett assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT justintridge assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT rachelkgittman assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones
AT rachelkgittman assessingtheeffectsofengineeredoysterreefsonshorelinechangeusingdrones