Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast
The European sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) ranks among the most valuable species of Iberian fisheries, and the accurate tracing of its geographic origin, once landed, is paramount to securing sustainable management of fishing stocks and discouraging fraudulent practices of illegal,...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/120 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549184213188608 |
|---|---|
| author | Ricardo Calado Marcos Palma Maria Rosário Domingues Fernando Ricardo Felisa Rey |
| author_facet | Ricardo Calado Marcos Palma Maria Rosário Domingues Fernando Ricardo Felisa Rey |
| author_sort | Ricardo Calado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The European sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) ranks among the most valuable species of Iberian fisheries, and the accurate tracing of its geographic origin, once landed, is paramount to securing sustainable management of fishing stocks and discouraging fraudulent practices of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The present study investigated the potential use of <i>S. pilchardus</i> white muscle fatty acids (FAs) to successfully discriminate the geographic origin of samples obtained in seven commercially important fishing harbors along the Iberian Atlantic Coast. While 35 FAs were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in the white muscle of <i>S. pilchardus</i>, the following, as determined by the Boruta algorithm, were key for sample discrimination: 14:0, 22:6<i>n</i>-3, 22:5<i>n</i>-3, 18:0, 20:5<i>n</i>-3, 16:1<i>n</i>-7, 16:0, and 18:1<i>n</i>-7 (in increasing order of relevance). An average 83% correct allocation of landed specimens was achieved, with some landing locations presenting 100% correct allocation (e.g., Ría de Pontevedra in northern Spain and Peniche in central Portugal). Linear discriminant analysis revealed a separation of samples from northern Spain and Peniche, and a partial overlap of all other locations. The present results highlight the potential of using FAs of <i>S. pilchardus</i> white muscle to reliably discriminate the geographic origin of landed individuals along the Iberian Atlantic coast. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e450b81a3ed649dfa001172062839ae2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-e450b81a3ed649dfa001172062839ae22025-01-10T13:17:51ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114112010.3390/foods14010120Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic CoastRicardo Calado0Marcos Palma1Maria Rosário Domingues2Fernando Ricardo3Felisa Rey4ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalThe European sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) ranks among the most valuable species of Iberian fisheries, and the accurate tracing of its geographic origin, once landed, is paramount to securing sustainable management of fishing stocks and discouraging fraudulent practices of illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing. The present study investigated the potential use of <i>S. pilchardus</i> white muscle fatty acids (FAs) to successfully discriminate the geographic origin of samples obtained in seven commercially important fishing harbors along the Iberian Atlantic Coast. While 35 FAs were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in the white muscle of <i>S. pilchardus</i>, the following, as determined by the Boruta algorithm, were key for sample discrimination: 14:0, 22:6<i>n</i>-3, 22:5<i>n</i>-3, 18:0, 20:5<i>n</i>-3, 16:1<i>n</i>-7, 16:0, and 18:1<i>n</i>-7 (in increasing order of relevance). An average 83% correct allocation of landed specimens was achieved, with some landing locations presenting 100% correct allocation (e.g., Ría de Pontevedra in northern Spain and Peniche in central Portugal). Linear discriminant analysis revealed a separation of samples from northern Spain and Peniche, and a partial overlap of all other locations. The present results highlight the potential of using FAs of <i>S. pilchardus</i> white muscle to reliably discriminate the geographic origin of landed individuals along the Iberian Atlantic coast.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/120fisheriespelagic fishseafoodtraceabilitytrophic markers |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo Calado Marcos Palma Maria Rosário Domingues Fernando Ricardo Felisa Rey Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast Foods fisheries pelagic fish seafood traceability trophic markers |
| title | Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast |
| title_full | Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast |
| title_fullStr | Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast |
| title_short | Fatty Acids of European Sardine (<i>Sardina pilchardus</i>) White Muscle Can Discriminate Geographic Origin Along the Iberian Atlantic Coast |
| title_sort | fatty acids of european sardine i sardina pilchardus i white muscle can discriminate geographic origin along the iberian atlantic coast |
| topic | fisheries pelagic fish seafood traceability trophic markers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/120 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ricardocalado fattyacidsofeuropeansardineisardinapilchardusiwhitemusclecandiscriminategeographicoriginalongtheiberianatlanticcoast AT marcospalma fattyacidsofeuropeansardineisardinapilchardusiwhitemusclecandiscriminategeographicoriginalongtheiberianatlanticcoast AT mariarosariodomingues fattyacidsofeuropeansardineisardinapilchardusiwhitemusclecandiscriminategeographicoriginalongtheiberianatlanticcoast AT fernandoricardo fattyacidsofeuropeansardineisardinapilchardusiwhitemusclecandiscriminategeographicoriginalongtheiberianatlanticcoast AT felisarey fattyacidsofeuropeansardineisardinapilchardusiwhitemusclecandiscriminategeographicoriginalongtheiberianatlanticcoast |