Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center

Background. Anthracycline chemotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment but poses a risk of cardiotoxicity, often presenting as cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Monitoring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is essential to detect early cardiac impairment and support saf...

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Main Authors: Rizkyastari Onny, Tutik Harjianti, Pendrik Tandean, Syakib Bakri, Himawan Sanusi, Andi Alfian Zainuddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Professional Edition Eastern Europe 2025-06-01
Series:Український журнал серцево-судинної хірургії
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Online Access:https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/734
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author Rizkyastari Onny
Tutik Harjianti
Pendrik Tandean
Syakib Bakri
Himawan Sanusi
Andi Alfian Zainuddin
author_facet Rizkyastari Onny
Tutik Harjianti
Pendrik Tandean
Syakib Bakri
Himawan Sanusi
Andi Alfian Zainuddin
author_sort Rizkyastari Onny
collection DOAJ
description Background. Anthracycline chemotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment but poses a risk of cardiotoxicity, often presenting as cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Monitoring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is essential to detect early cardiac impairment and support safer treatment strategies. Aim. To assess LVEF changes after six cycles of anthracycline therapy and identify predictive factors associated with CTRCD. Materials and methods. This observational pre–post study included 74 patients treated with anthracyclines at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, from 2024 to 2025. LVEF was measured via echocardiographic surveillance before and after treatment. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a ≥10 % decrease in LVEF to ≤50 %. Statistical tools included Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Chi-square, ROC curve analysis, and logistic regression. Results. The mean LVEF significantly declined from 63.08 % to 56.76 % (p = 0.001). CTRCD occurred in 20.3 % of patients. Risk factors independently associated with cardiotoxicity included age ≥51 years (OR 2.80; p = 0.016) and cumulative anthracycline dose ≥457.5 mg/m² (OR 3.25; p = 0.004). When both factors were present, the risk increased nearly sixfold (OR 5.75; p = 0.001). Conclusions. CTRCD was observed in one-fifth of patients following anthracycline therapy, with age and dose being significant contributors. These findings support the integration of risk-based echocardiographic surveillance into oncology care to ensure early detection and mitigate long-term cardiac complications.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2664-5963
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language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Professional Edition Eastern Europe
record_format Article
series Український журнал серцево-судинної хірургії
spelling doaj-art-e44234ed4aaa408f87d40d7810fe04ae2025-08-20T03:26:57ZengProfessional Edition Eastern EuropeУкраїнський журнал серцево-судинної хірургії2664-59632664-59712025-06-01332758010.63181/ujcvs.2025.33(2).75-80734Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care CenterRizkyastari Onny0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9762-4726Tutik Harjianti1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-5193Pendrik Tandean2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6600-4763Syakib Bakri3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-5166Himawan Sanusi4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3828-2958Andi Alfian Zainuddin5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-6407Hasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaHasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaHasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaHasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaHasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaHasanuddin University, Makassar, IndonesiaBackground. Anthracycline chemotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment but poses a risk of cardiotoxicity, often presenting as cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Monitoring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is essential to detect early cardiac impairment and support safer treatment strategies. Aim. To assess LVEF changes after six cycles of anthracycline therapy and identify predictive factors associated with CTRCD. Materials and methods. This observational pre–post study included 74 patients treated with anthracyclines at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, from 2024 to 2025. LVEF was measured via echocardiographic surveillance before and after treatment. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a ≥10 % decrease in LVEF to ≤50 %. Statistical tools included Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Chi-square, ROC curve analysis, and logistic regression. Results. The mean LVEF significantly declined from 63.08 % to 56.76 % (p = 0.001). CTRCD occurred in 20.3 % of patients. Risk factors independently associated with cardiotoxicity included age ≥51 years (OR 2.80; p = 0.016) and cumulative anthracycline dose ≥457.5 mg/m² (OR 3.25; p = 0.004). When both factors were present, the risk increased nearly sixfold (OR 5.75; p = 0.001). Conclusions. CTRCD was observed in one-fifth of patients following anthracycline therapy, with age and dose being significant contributors. These findings support the integration of risk-based echocardiographic surveillance into oncology care to ensure early detection and mitigate long-term cardiac complications.https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/734anthracyclinecardiotoxicitycancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunctionechocardiographic surveillancecumulative doseejection fraction
spellingShingle Rizkyastari Onny
Tutik Harjianti
Pendrik Tandean
Syakib Bakri
Himawan Sanusi
Andi Alfian Zainuddin
Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
Український журнал серцево-судинної хірургії
anthracycline
cardiotoxicity
cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction
echocardiographic surveillance
cumulative dose
ejection fraction
title Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
title_full Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
title_fullStr Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
title_full_unstemmed Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
title_short Ejection Fraction Decline and Cardiotoxicity Following Anthracycline Chemotherapy: A Risk-Focused Study from an Indonesian Tertiary Care Center
title_sort ejection fraction decline and cardiotoxicity following anthracycline chemotherapy a risk focused study from an indonesian tertiary care center
topic anthracycline
cardiotoxicity
cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction
echocardiographic surveillance
cumulative dose
ejection fraction
url https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/734
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AT tutikharjianti ejectionfractiondeclineandcardiotoxicityfollowinganthracyclinechemotherapyariskfocusedstudyfromanindonesiantertiarycarecenter
AT pendriktandean ejectionfractiondeclineandcardiotoxicityfollowinganthracyclinechemotherapyariskfocusedstudyfromanindonesiantertiarycarecenter
AT syakibbakri ejectionfractiondeclineandcardiotoxicityfollowinganthracyclinechemotherapyariskfocusedstudyfromanindonesiantertiarycarecenter
AT himawansanusi ejectionfractiondeclineandcardiotoxicityfollowinganthracyclinechemotherapyariskfocusedstudyfromanindonesiantertiarycarecenter
AT andialfianzainuddin ejectionfractiondeclineandcardiotoxicityfollowinganthracyclinechemotherapyariskfocusedstudyfromanindonesiantertiarycarecenter