Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving

ABSTRACT Background The incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia (iSCH) based on blood ionized calcium (iCa < 1.00 mmol/L) has not been investigated in Holsteins fed an anionic diet (AD) and non‐AD prepartum and treated or not treated with calcium bolus (CB) around the time of calving. Hypothesis An...

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Main Authors: Kemal Aksoy, Abdülkerim Deniz, Mert Metin, Mahmut Insel, Aytaç Pekmezci
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70122
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author Kemal Aksoy
Abdülkerim Deniz
Mert Metin
Mahmut Insel
Aytaç Pekmezci
author_facet Kemal Aksoy
Abdülkerim Deniz
Mert Metin
Mahmut Insel
Aytaç Pekmezci
author_sort Kemal Aksoy
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background The incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia (iSCH) based on blood ionized calcium (iCa < 1.00 mmol/L) has not been investigated in Holsteins fed an anionic diet (AD) and non‐AD prepartum and treated or not treated with calcium bolus (CB) around the time of calving. Hypothesis Anionic diets supported with CB at 12 h after calving should increase iCa and reduce iSCH better than AD + non‐CB and non‐AD + CB. Animals One hundred Holsteins were allocated to 4 groups: Group 1 (AD + CB), group 2 (AD + non‐CB), group 3 (non‐AD + CB) and group 4 (non‐AD and non‐CB). Methods The animals were randomly selected according to calving order. The iCa and iSCH were analyzed at calving before CB application on postpartum days (PPD) 1, 3, and 10. Urine pH was analyzed at calving and PPD1. Results Urine pH (6.43 ± 0.26), iCa (0.90 ± 0.16 mmol/L) and iSCH (50%) were significantly different in the combined AD groups compared to the non‐AD groups at calving. Multiparous cows in combined AD groups had higher iCa and lower iSCH at calving. Group 1 had a higher iCa than groups 3 and 4. Group 2 had a higher iCa than Group 4 at PPD3. The iSCH of group 1 at PPD3 and 10 was lower than that of other groups. The iSCH decreased from 50% (PPD1) to 17% (PPD3) and 4% (PPD10) in group 1. Group 4 showed milk fever of 12%, 4%, and 4% at PPD1, 3, and 9, respectively. Conclusion Group 1 was the most appropriate protocol to increase iCa, reduce iSCH, and prevent milk fever.
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spelling doaj-art-e43c185b19ba41cabff9415cdaf505082025-08-20T02:34:06ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-05-01393n/an/a10.1111/jvim.70122Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of CalvingKemal Aksoy0Abdülkerim Deniz1Mert Metin2Mahmut Insel3Aytaç Pekmezci4Depertmant of Internal Medicine, Milas Muğla Sitki Kocman University Muğla TurkeyFree Researcher for Clinical Biochemistry, Nisbetiye Mah. Bakır Sok. Beşiktaş Istanbul TurkeyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Milas, Depertmant of Biochemistry, Milas Muğla Sitki Kocman University Muğla TurkeyFree Researcher, Kahramandere Mah. Güzelbahçe İzmir TurkeyFaculty of Science, Kötekli Mugla Sitki Kocman University Muğla TurkeyABSTRACT Background The incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia (iSCH) based on blood ionized calcium (iCa < 1.00 mmol/L) has not been investigated in Holsteins fed an anionic diet (AD) and non‐AD prepartum and treated or not treated with calcium bolus (CB) around the time of calving. Hypothesis Anionic diets supported with CB at 12 h after calving should increase iCa and reduce iSCH better than AD + non‐CB and non‐AD + CB. Animals One hundred Holsteins were allocated to 4 groups: Group 1 (AD + CB), group 2 (AD + non‐CB), group 3 (non‐AD + CB) and group 4 (non‐AD and non‐CB). Methods The animals were randomly selected according to calving order. The iCa and iSCH were analyzed at calving before CB application on postpartum days (PPD) 1, 3, and 10. Urine pH was analyzed at calving and PPD1. Results Urine pH (6.43 ± 0.26), iCa (0.90 ± 0.16 mmol/L) and iSCH (50%) were significantly different in the combined AD groups compared to the non‐AD groups at calving. Multiparous cows in combined AD groups had higher iCa and lower iSCH at calving. Group 1 had a higher iCa than groups 3 and 4. Group 2 had a higher iCa than Group 4 at PPD3. The iSCH of group 1 at PPD3 and 10 was lower than that of other groups. The iSCH decreased from 50% (PPD1) to 17% (PPD3) and 4% (PPD10) in group 1. Group 4 showed milk fever of 12%, 4%, and 4% at PPD1, 3, and 9, respectively. Conclusion Group 1 was the most appropriate protocol to increase iCa, reduce iSCH, and prevent milk fever.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70122dairy cattleionized calciummetabolic acidificationmilk fever
spellingShingle Kemal Aksoy
Abdülkerim Deniz
Mert Metin
Mahmut Insel
Aytaç Pekmezci
Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
dairy cattle
ionized calcium
metabolic acidification
milk fever
title Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
title_full Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
title_fullStr Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
title_full_unstemmed Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
title_short Prevention of Subclinical Hypocalcemia in Holsteins Fed an Anionic Diet and Treated With Two Calcium Boluses at the Time of Calving
title_sort prevention of subclinical hypocalcemia in holsteins fed an anionic diet and treated with two calcium boluses at the time of calving
topic dairy cattle
ionized calcium
metabolic acidification
milk fever
url https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70122
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