Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance
This study examined epidemiological aspects of rabbit pathologies, identified bacterial strains, and assessed their antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing rabbits as potential reservoirs for zoonotic multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the need for continuous monitoring and antimicrobial stewardsh...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| author | Smaranda Crăciun Cristiana Ştefania Novac Nicodim Iosif Fiţ Cosmina Maria Bouari Lucia Victoria Bel George Cosmin Nadăş |
| author_facet | Smaranda Crăciun Cristiana Ştefania Novac Nicodim Iosif Fiţ Cosmina Maria Bouari Lucia Victoria Bel George Cosmin Nadăş |
| author_sort | Smaranda Crăciun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examined epidemiological aspects of rabbit pathologies, identified bacterial strains, and assessed their antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing rabbits as potential reservoirs for zoonotic multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the need for continuous monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship. Samples from rabbits were cultivated and then identified using Vitek<sup>®</sup> 2 and MALDI-TOF. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by disk diffusion testing. This study analyzed 170 individuals with various pathologies, with males (58.24%) outnumbering females (41.76%). Dental abscesses (35.29%) and respiratory infections (28.24%) were most common. Antibiotic exposure was noted in 47.06% of cases, primarily involving trimethoprim (35.56%). Of the total samples, 91.18% tested positive, revealing 200 isolates from 23 bacterial genera, with <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (31%) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (12%) being most frequently identified as well as species with zoonotic potential, such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed high efficacy for florfenicol (75%), ciprofloxacin (74.12%), and amikacin (68.65%), while significant resistance was found for kanamycin, neomycin, and trimethoprim. Nearly 49% of strains were MDR, with Gram-positive cocci, Enterobacteriaceae, and non-Enterobacteriaceae showing varying resistance, across 18 MDR genera. In conclusion, pet rabbits are potential reservoirs of zoonotic and MDR bacterial species, posing a risk for their owners. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e43b96cc97f44fae826aeb55c092554e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-e43b96cc97f44fae826aeb55c092554e2025-08-20T02:42:28ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-03-0113365310.3390/microorganisms13030653Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial ResistanceSmaranda Crăciun0Cristiana Ştefania Novac1Nicodim Iosif Fiţ2Cosmina Maria Bouari3Lucia Victoria Bel4George Cosmin Nadăş5Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNew Companion Animals Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaThis study examined epidemiological aspects of rabbit pathologies, identified bacterial strains, and assessed their antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing rabbits as potential reservoirs for zoonotic multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the need for continuous monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship. Samples from rabbits were cultivated and then identified using Vitek<sup>®</sup> 2 and MALDI-TOF. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by disk diffusion testing. This study analyzed 170 individuals with various pathologies, with males (58.24%) outnumbering females (41.76%). Dental abscesses (35.29%) and respiratory infections (28.24%) were most common. Antibiotic exposure was noted in 47.06% of cases, primarily involving trimethoprim (35.56%). Of the total samples, 91.18% tested positive, revealing 200 isolates from 23 bacterial genera, with <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (31%) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (12%) being most frequently identified as well as species with zoonotic potential, such as <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed high efficacy for florfenicol (75%), ciprofloxacin (74.12%), and amikacin (68.65%), while significant resistance was found for kanamycin, neomycin, and trimethoprim. Nearly 49% of strains were MDR, with Gram-positive cocci, Enterobacteriaceae, and non-Enterobacteriaceae showing varying resistance, across 18 MDR genera. In conclusion, pet rabbits are potential reservoirs of zoonotic and MDR bacterial species, posing a risk for their owners.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/3/653rabbitzoonoticdisease surveillanceRomaniamultidrug resistanceone health |
| spellingShingle | Smaranda Crăciun Cristiana Ştefania Novac Nicodim Iosif Fiţ Cosmina Maria Bouari Lucia Victoria Bel George Cosmin Nadăş Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance Microorganisms rabbit zoonotic disease surveillance Romania multidrug resistance one health |
| title | Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance |
| title_full | Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance |
| title_short | Bacterial Diversity in Pet Rabbits: Implications for Public Health, Zoonotic Risks, and Antimicrobial Resistance |
| title_sort | bacterial diversity in pet rabbits implications for public health zoonotic risks and antimicrobial resistance |
| topic | rabbit zoonotic disease surveillance Romania multidrug resistance one health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/3/653 |
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