Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries

Abstract Background Ankle fractures are the third most common fractures, often requiring surgical intervention to restore function and mobility. Understanding trends in ankle fracture surgeries is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study is...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gustav Nilsson, Michael Axenhus
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08414-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850270841828278272
author Gustav Nilsson
Michael Axenhus
author_facet Gustav Nilsson
Michael Axenhus
author_sort Gustav Nilsson
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Ankle fractures are the third most common fractures, often requiring surgical intervention to restore function and mobility. Understanding trends in ankle fracture surgeries is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of ankle fracture surgeries in Sweden in order to highlight changes in demography and trends in surgical procedures. Methods Utilizing data from the National Patient Register, we conducted an observational population-based study of ankle fracture surgeries performed in Sweden between 2008 and 2022. Patients aged 15 years and above who underwent ankle fracture surgery were included in the analysis. Surgical procedures were identified using NOMESCO codes specific to ankle fractures. Demographic trends, surgical procedures and incidence rates were analyzed using descriptive statistics, incidence calculations and regression analyses. Results Women accounted for 55% of surgeries (p = 0.022), with a significant proportion (47%) occurring in individuals aged 65 and above. Although the overall incidence of ankle surgeries decreased by 6% (p = 0.008), notable age-specific trends emerged, including a decrease in surgeries among younger adults and an increase among the elderly. Plate and screw fixation remained the most commonly employed surgical technique, with a 21% increase in usage (p < 0.001), while the use of external fixation and intramedullary nailing increased significantly by 123% and 69%, respectively (both p < 0.001). Conversely, the use of cerclage and/or pin fixation decreased by 74% (p < 0.001) over the study period. Conclusions Our study of open source data shows current trends in surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden, highlighting a decreased incidence overall, notable shifts between age groups and several trends in surgical procedures. Despite limitations inherent to retrospective observational studies, such as the inability to establish causal relationships, our findings contribute to the understanding of ankle fracture management trends, highlighting areas for further investigation and improvement in orthopedic care.
format Article
id doaj-art-e4227b19acb347129803e518930ff150
institution OA Journals
issn 1471-2474
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
spelling doaj-art-e4227b19acb347129803e518930ff1502025-08-20T01:52:25ZengBMCBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders1471-24742025-02-0126111010.1186/s12891-025-08414-4Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeriesGustav Nilsson0Michael Axenhus1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Danderyd HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Danderyd HospitalAbstract Background Ankle fractures are the third most common fractures, often requiring surgical intervention to restore function and mobility. Understanding trends in ankle fracture surgeries is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of ankle fracture surgeries in Sweden in order to highlight changes in demography and trends in surgical procedures. Methods Utilizing data from the National Patient Register, we conducted an observational population-based study of ankle fracture surgeries performed in Sweden between 2008 and 2022. Patients aged 15 years and above who underwent ankle fracture surgery were included in the analysis. Surgical procedures were identified using NOMESCO codes specific to ankle fractures. Demographic trends, surgical procedures and incidence rates were analyzed using descriptive statistics, incidence calculations and regression analyses. Results Women accounted for 55% of surgeries (p = 0.022), with a significant proportion (47%) occurring in individuals aged 65 and above. Although the overall incidence of ankle surgeries decreased by 6% (p = 0.008), notable age-specific trends emerged, including a decrease in surgeries among younger adults and an increase among the elderly. Plate and screw fixation remained the most commonly employed surgical technique, with a 21% increase in usage (p < 0.001), while the use of external fixation and intramedullary nailing increased significantly by 123% and 69%, respectively (both p < 0.001). Conversely, the use of cerclage and/or pin fixation decreased by 74% (p < 0.001) over the study period. Conclusions Our study of open source data shows current trends in surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden, highlighting a decreased incidence overall, notable shifts between age groups and several trends in surgical procedures. Despite limitations inherent to retrospective observational studies, such as the inability to establish causal relationships, our findings contribute to the understanding of ankle fracture management trends, highlighting areas for further investigation and improvement in orthopedic care.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08414-4Ankle fracturePopulation-based studySurgerySwedenTrends
spellingShingle Gustav Nilsson
Michael Axenhus
Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Ankle fracture
Population-based study
Surgery
Sweden
Trends
title Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
title_full Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
title_fullStr Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
title_full_unstemmed Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
title_short Surgically treated ankle fractures in Sweden: a 15-year population-based study of 96 015 surgeries
title_sort surgically treated ankle fractures in sweden a 15 year population based study of 96 015 surgeries
topic Ankle fracture
Population-based study
Surgery
Sweden
Trends
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08414-4
work_keys_str_mv AT gustavnilsson surgicallytreatedanklefracturesinswedena15yearpopulationbasedstudyof96015surgeries
AT michaelaxenhus surgicallytreatedanklefracturesinswedena15yearpopulationbasedstudyof96015surgeries