Automatic Detection of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in Airglow Images Using Two-Dimensional Principal Component Analysis and Explainable Artificial Intelligence
Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are regions of depleted electron density that form in the Earth’s ionosphere due to Rayleigh–Taylor instability. These bubbles can cause signal scintillation, leading to signal loss and errors in position calculations. EPBs can be detected in images captured by All-S...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4990/7/1/26 |
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