Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players
The consumption of a diet rich in certain flavonoids, including the flavanol sub-class, has been associated with a reduced risk for vascular disease. We evaluated the effects of the regular consumption (14 d) of a flavanol-containing milk chocolate (FCMC) or co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2005-01-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10446670410001722159 |
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| author | Cesar G. Fraga Lucas Actis-Goretta Javier I. Ottaviani Fernando Carrasquedo Silvina B. Lotito Sheryl Lazarus Harold H. Schmitz Carl L. Keen |
| author_facet | Cesar G. Fraga Lucas Actis-Goretta Javier I. Ottaviani Fernando Carrasquedo Silvina B. Lotito Sheryl Lazarus Harold H. Schmitz Carl L. Keen |
| author_sort | Cesar G. Fraga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The consumption of a diet rich in certain flavonoids, including the flavanol
sub-class, has been associated with a reduced risk for vascular disease. We
evaluated the effects of the regular consumption (14 d) of a flavanol-containing
milk chocolate (FCMC) or cocoa butter chocolate (CBC) on variables related to
vascular disease risk, oxidative stress and physical activity. Twenty-eight free-living,
young (18–20 years old) male soccer players consumed daily 105 g of FCMC
(168 mg of flavanols) or CBC (<5 mg of flavanols), as part of their normal diet.
The consumption of FCMC was significantly associated with a decrease in diastolic
blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), mean blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), plasma cholesterol
(-11%), LDL-cholesterol (-15%), malondialdehyde (-12%), urate (-11%) and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (-11%), and an increase in vitamin E/cholesterol
(+12%). No relevant changes in these variables were associated with CBC
consumption. No changes in the plasma levels of (-)-epicatechin were observed
following analysis of fasting blood samples. In conclusion, FCMC consumption was
associated with changes in several variables often associated with cardiovascular
health and oxidant stress. The presence of significant quantities of
flavanols in FCMC is likely to have been one of the contributing factors to these results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e3ef2eed8d9d4a118fce2eb9df8bdf06 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1740-2522 1740-2530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2005-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e3ef2eed8d9d4a118fce2eb9df8bdf062025-02-03T07:24:57ZengWileyClinical and Developmental Immunology1740-25221740-25302005-01-01121111710.1080/10446670410001722159Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer PlayersCesar G. Fraga0Lucas Actis-Goretta1Javier I. Ottaviani2Fernando Carrasquedo3Silvina B. Lotito4Sheryl Lazarus5Harold H. Schmitz6Carl L. Keen7Fisicoquímica-PRALIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFisicoquímica-PRALIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFisicoquímica-PRALIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFisicoquímica-PRALIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFisicoquímica-PRALIB, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaAnalytical and Applied Sciences, Mars Inc., Hackettstown, NJ, USAAnalytical and Applied Sciences, Mars Inc., Hackettstown, NJ, USADepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USAThe consumption of a diet rich in certain flavonoids, including the flavanol sub-class, has been associated with a reduced risk for vascular disease. We evaluated the effects of the regular consumption (14 d) of a flavanol-containing milk chocolate (FCMC) or cocoa butter chocolate (CBC) on variables related to vascular disease risk, oxidative stress and physical activity. Twenty-eight free-living, young (18–20 years old) male soccer players consumed daily 105 g of FCMC (168 mg of flavanols) or CBC (<5 mg of flavanols), as part of their normal diet. The consumption of FCMC was significantly associated with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), mean blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), plasma cholesterol (-11%), LDL-cholesterol (-15%), malondialdehyde (-12%), urate (-11%) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (-11%), and an increase in vitamin E/cholesterol (+12%). No relevant changes in these variables were associated with CBC consumption. No changes in the plasma levels of (-)-epicatechin were observed following analysis of fasting blood samples. In conclusion, FCMC consumption was associated with changes in several variables often associated with cardiovascular health and oxidant stress. The presence of significant quantities of flavanols in FCMC is likely to have been one of the contributing factors to these results.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10446670410001722159 |
| spellingShingle | Cesar G. Fraga Lucas Actis-Goretta Javier I. Ottaviani Fernando Carrasquedo Silvina B. Lotito Sheryl Lazarus Harold H. Schmitz Carl L. Keen Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players Clinical and Developmental Immunology |
| title | Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players |
| title_full | Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players |
| title_fullStr | Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players |
| title_short | Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players |
| title_sort | regular consumption of a flavanol rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10446670410001722159 |
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