Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough

Abstract Background Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a new biomarker, reflects blood lipid status. Nevertheless, the association between NHHR and chronic cough remains uncertain. Method This investigation included 9725 individuals from th...

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Main Authors: Changfen Wang, Xuecheng Liao, Jiulin Chen, Ying Lan, Jun Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Lipids in Health and Disease
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-025-02498-6
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author Changfen Wang
Xuecheng Liao
Jiulin Chen
Ying Lan
Jun Wen
author_facet Changfen Wang
Xuecheng Liao
Jiulin Chen
Ying Lan
Jun Wen
author_sort Changfen Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a new biomarker, reflects blood lipid status. Nevertheless, the association between NHHR and chronic cough remains uncertain. Method This investigation included 9725 individuals from the NHANES. This research employed multiple statistical models to illustrate the association between NHHR and chronic cough. These models included logistic regression models, the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) model, trend tests, mediation analysis, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses. Result The logistic regression model, adjusting all covariables, showed a positive association between NHHR with chronic cough (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02–1.14). Trend tests and RCS further proved that NHHR and chronic cough had a linear and positive association. The mediation analysis proved that systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) partially mediated the association between NHHR and chronic cough. The SHAP model suggested that the top five important markers for predicting chronic cough were SII, smoking, NHHR, BMI, and SIRI. Conclusion This investigation discovered that NHHR was positively associated with chronic cough. Regular NHHR monitoring may serve as a potential tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of chronic cough.
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language English
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series Lipids in Health and Disease
spelling doaj-art-e3ecb98462b54f14bda710734ba4cd542025-08-20T01:57:25ZengBMCLipids in Health and Disease1476-511X2025-03-012411910.1186/s12944-025-02498-6Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic coughChangfen Wang0Xuecheng Liao1Jiulin Chen2Ying Lan3Jun Wen4Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Qianxinan PrefectureDepartment of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Qianxinan PrefectureDepartment of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Qianxinan PrefectureDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a new biomarker, reflects blood lipid status. Nevertheless, the association between NHHR and chronic cough remains uncertain. Method This investigation included 9725 individuals from the NHANES. This research employed multiple statistical models to illustrate the association between NHHR and chronic cough. These models included logistic regression models, the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) model, trend tests, mediation analysis, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses. Result The logistic regression model, adjusting all covariables, showed a positive association between NHHR with chronic cough (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02–1.14). Trend tests and RCS further proved that NHHR and chronic cough had a linear and positive association. The mediation analysis proved that systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) partially mediated the association between NHHR and chronic cough. The SHAP model suggested that the top five important markers for predicting chronic cough were SII, smoking, NHHR, BMI, and SIRI. Conclusion This investigation discovered that NHHR was positively associated with chronic cough. Regular NHHR monitoring may serve as a potential tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of chronic cough.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-025-02498-6Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR)Chronic coughSystematic inflammationMediation analysisShapley additive explanations (SHAP)
spellingShingle Changfen Wang
Xuecheng Liao
Jiulin Chen
Ying Lan
Jun Wen
Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
Lipids in Health and Disease
Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR)
Chronic cough
Systematic inflammation
Mediation analysis
Shapley additive explanations (SHAP)
title Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
title_full Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
title_fullStr Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
title_full_unstemmed Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
title_short Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough
title_sort systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non high density lipoprotein cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio nhhr and chronic cough
topic Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR)
Chronic cough
Systematic inflammation
Mediation analysis
Shapley additive explanations (SHAP)
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-025-02498-6
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